| Naturalness is an important evaluation index in the fields of ecology and natural resources.It’s often used to judge the degree of degradation or disturbance of natural ecosystems,and to analyze and plan natural ecological protection measures.This paper takes Nanling National Park as the research object.Firstly,it uses the analytic hierarchy process and comprehensive index method,combined with GIS and RS software to quantitatively evaluate the naturalness of Nanling National Park,and divides the naturalness grade of Nanling National Park according to the results of naturalness evaluation;Secondly,based on the spatial distribution of naturalness and the basic functions of Nanling National Park,a spatial function zoning scheme is proposed to clarify the spatial function,spatial location and scale,spatial resource characteristics and spatial naturalness characteristics of each division,with a view to the follow-up of Nanling National Park Provide a scientific basis for planning,construction and protection management of the country.The main findings are as follows:(1)Select vegetation,soil,landscape,water system,animal habitat and interference degree that can reflect the ecological characteristics of Nanling National Park as the evaluation index of the standard layer;select 18 evaluation indexes such as the proportion of natural forest area,vegetation coverage,the thickness of litter layer,the structural integrity of soil profile,degrees of fertilization and pesticide,distance from the water source,terrain suitability,food abundance,surface water environment quality,Construction Intensity of Water Artificial Facilities and so on,which are used to build the evaluation index system of naturalness,and YAAHP software is used to calculate the weight value of evaluation index.The basic data were standardized and substituted into the index naturalness evaluation model and the comprehensive naturalness evaluation model,to calculate the comprehensive naturalness value in each research unit.(2)This paper draws some results of naturalness classification research from both home and abroad to divide Nanling National Park naturalness into five grades: pure natural state,near-natural state,far natural state,near artificial state,and artificial state,the comprehensive naturalness evaluation value is 0.8-1,0.8-0.6,0.4-0.6,0.2-0.4 and 0-0.2.(3)The naturalness evaluation results of Nanling National Park show that :the pure natural state areas are concentrated in the middle and southeast of Dadongshan,the north of Chengjia,the south and north of Dadingshan,and the northeast and south of Ruyang,accounting for 41.17% of the total area of the national park;The near-natural state accounts for 52.32% of the total area of Nanling National park,concentrated in the south of Chengjia,northwest of Dadingshan and northeast of Ruyang;the distant natural state area is scattered in the west of central Ruyang and south of Dadingshan,accounting for 6.51% of the total area of the national park;There are no areas in the park that are near artificial and artificial.(4)The basic functions of Nanling National Park include nature protection,scientific monitoring,nature education,recreation display and community development.Combined with the results of naturalness evaluation,the functional space of Nanling National Park is divided into natural ecological protection space,natural education space,recreation display space and community development space.The natural ecological protection space accounts for 95.44% of the total national park area,which has a complete forest vertical band spectrum and diverse forest and biological resources.Its main functions are ecological protection,scientific monitoring and ecological restoration.The natural ecological protection space is mainly in a natural state and a near-natural state,and another 4.56% of the area is in a far-natural state.The natural education space accounts for 0.51% of the total national park area,and space is in a near-natural and far-natural state,with more diverse forest vegetation type,rich water landscape and some rare animals and plants,the specific functions are natural science,natural experience,scientific research and ecological restoration;The recreational exhibition space accounts for 2.04% of the total national park area,which has rich landscape resources.Its main functions are leisure recreation and landscape display.The recreational exhibition space is mainly nearnatural state and far-natural state,and another 2.89% of the area is in a natural state.The community development space accounts for 2.01% of the total national park area.There are much rural architectures and agricultural land preserved in the space.So,it needs to maintain residents’ production,living and community development.The community development space is mainly far-natural and near artificial state,and another 0.31% of the area is in natural state.(5)In the future,through measures such as ecological conservation,proper development of tourism resources,control of tourism activities,and development of environmentally friendly industrial projects,all four functional spaces can achieve their own functions. |
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