Research On The Eco-efficiency Of China’s Provincial Tourism Based On Ecological Footprint

The implementation of reform and opening up has accelerated the development of my country’s economic construction.The domestic people are no longer satisfied with purely pursuing improvements on the material level.Higher spiritual needs have promoted the arrival of the “ big tourism era ”.As an important pillar industry for the growth of the national economy,tourism has a leading role in “ one industry prospers every industry ” and plays an important role for improving the development of other industries,increasing employment opportunities for the masses,and promoting cultural exchanges in various regions.It is worth noting that tourism is not only a key growth pole for the development of the national economy,but also an important breakthrough in building an ecologically civilized society.While the economic benefits of the tourism industry are increasing,the environmental problems during the development of tourism are of great seriousness.Not only the tourism industry itself,but related industries such as transportation,catering and accommodation will also cause varying degrees of environmental problems.Therefore,under the premise that the abundance of tourism resources and the ecological carrying capacity of the tourism environment are limited,how to achieve the balanced development between tourism economic benefits and ecological benefits becomes particularly critical.The sustainable development of the tourism industry is also of great importance for the construction of ecological civilization in my country.In view of the importance of the sustainable development of the tourism industry,it is of great urgency for analyzing the current situation of the sustainable development of my country’s tourism industry,and an important research perspective is to start with the tourism ecological efficiency.On the basis of previous studies,firstly,with the help of the ecological footprint model to effectively measure the tourism ecological footprint value of 30 provinces in my country,a new tourism ecological efficiency index system was constructed on the premise that the above result value was used as the input of ecological elements.Considering that there must be a certain degree of competition between the same industry in different regions,the DEA game cross-efficiency model combined with game theory is used to measure the eco-efficiency of tourism in various provinces in China.Then,the above efficiency value is used as the basis for the analysis of inter-provincial ecotourism spatial differences,and the spatial correlation characteristics and evolution path analysis of tourism eco-efficiency are carried out with the help of spatial autocorrelation analysis and standard deviation ellipse models.Finally,the spatial econometric model is used to analyze the key factors affecting tourism ecological efficiency,further through the effect decomposition to study the direct effects and spillover effects of various variables on tourism ecological efficiency,and put forward reasonable countermeasures based on the conclusions obtained from the empirical research.The empirical study found that:(1)On the whole,during the study period,the development trend of tourism eco-efficiency in China’s provinces and regions is good,but there is a large gap between individual provinces and regions.From the perspective of the three major regions,the situation in which the central region is the best,the eastern region is closely behind,and the western region is poorly developed.(2)The study area is subdivided into four categories according to the value of tourism ecoefficiency.During the observation period,the number of provinces in the most efficient region,weakly superior region,and non-optimal region show varying degrees of decline,while the number of provinces in the second most efficient region shows an increasing trend.(3)In terms of spatial correlation characteristics,my country’s interprovincial tourism eco-efficiency has an obvious positive correlation,and this positive correlation has gradually increased over time,which is manifested in a cluster of provinces with similar efficiency values.(4)In terms of the eigenvalues of the standard deviation ellipse,during the study period,the efficiency center of gravity shows a moving track from west to east as a whole;the distribution range of the ellipse first increased and then decreased,and finally continued to show an expanding trend;the changing law of the rotation angle of the ellipse reveals its northeast-southwest distribution pattern.(5)In terms of influencing factors,environmental regulations have a positive and significant impact on the tourism eco-efficiency of the province,while transportation accessibility and labor quality have a significant negative effect;the level of economic development,industrial structure,and labor quality show significant negative spillover effects on the tourism eco-efficiency of neighboring provinces,and the accessibility of transportation and the endowment of tourism resources show a notable positive effect.Based on the research conclusions of the study,some relevant policy suggestions are offered: Orderly promote the optimization of the industrial structure and improve the efficiency of tourism resource integration;rationally increase the intensity of environmental regulations and give play to the spatial linkage of environmental regulations;actively promote green eco-tourism and focus on the cultivation of high-quality tourism talents;take the eco-tourism differences seriously between different areas and realize the harmonious development of the tourism industry.