Analysis Of Carbon Emission Efficiency And Influencing Factors In Three Northeastern Provinces

In recent years,global warming has intensified,causing great concern in the international community.Reducing carbon emissions is a fundamental strategy to combat global warming and an important part of China’s ecological civilisation.China has become the world’s second largest economy,and while maintaining high economic growth,it is also facing enormous pressure on its environmental load,energy shortage and carbon emissions.The current strategic layout of the country’s comprehensive revitalisation of the Northeast has given high priority to the construction of the ecological environment.Carbon emission efficiency is an important indicator to measure the quality of regional economic development,and its evaluation and research can provide a basis for relevant decision-making.Based on the existing research results,this paper will measure and analyse the carbon emission efficiency of the three northeastern provinces from the perspective of the current environmental profile of the three northeastern provinces,and make a regression analysis of the factors influencing the carbon emission efficiency of the cities in the three northeastern provinces to explore the factors influencing the carbon emission efficiency and make reference suggestions for the future carbon emission reduction work in the three northeastern provinces.In this paper,35 cities in three northeastern provinces are used as research objects,with fixed assets,energy consumption and labour as input variables,GDP as the desired output variable and carbon dioxide emissions as the non-desired output variable.Static and dynamic analyses are first conducted through the SBM model of non-desired output with the Malmquist-Luenberger index,and then Tobit regression models are used to study the effects of the level of technological progress,industrial structure,level of economic development,degree of openness to the outside world,level of government intervention and level of urbanisation on the efficiency of carbon emissions.The following conclusions were drawn from the analysis:（1）The static results of carbon emission efficiency show that the overall trend of the three northeastern provinces is first decreasing and then increasing,and the overall average value of efficiency is 0.47<1,which is at a low level,indicating that there is still more room for input and output in improving carbon emission efficiency in the three northeastern provinces.（2）The dynamic results of carbon emission efficiency show that the average value of ML index of the three northeastern provinces is 0.96<1,indicating that the carbon emission efficiency of the three northeastern provinces is on a decreasing trend.From the two decomposition values of ML index,the average value of technical efficiency index is 1.017>1,and the technical efficiency is on an increasing trend,while the technical progress index is 0.937<1,and the technical progress is on a decreasing trend,indicating that the technical progress index is the cause of the decrease of carbon emission efficiency in the three northeastern provinces,which shows that technological progress is the main factor to promote the improvement of carbon emission efficiency in the three northeastern provinces.（3）The analysis of the factors influencing carbon emission efficiency reveals that: the level of technological progress,the level of economic development and the level of government intervention have a significant positive effect on the improvement of carbon emission efficiency in the three northeastern provinces;the industrial structure and the degree of opening to the outside world have a significant negative effect on the improvement of carbon emission efficiency in the three northeastern provinces;the level of urbanization has no significant effect on the improvement of carbon emission efficiency in the three northeastern provinces.Finally,combining the results of the above research and analysis,and in view of the overall low carbon emission efficiency in the three northeastern provinces,policy suggestions for improving carbon emission efficiency are proposed: strengthen low-carbon technological innovation and adhere to the sustainable development strategy;accelerate the development of green economy and improve the regional economy;accelerate the optimization and upgrading of industrial structure and vigorously develop green industries;actively guide foreign investment and strictly control the quality of foreign investment introduction;increase financial efforts for carbon emission reduction efforts and follow a green development model.