Fire Risk Assessment Of Chemical Plants Based On Systems-theory Accidents Models And Processes

China is a big producer and consumer of chemicals.Industries of chemical raw materials and chemical products are still one of the highest risk industries.If an accident occurs,the consequences are extremely serious,among which fire accidents are the main type of accidents.Therefore,it is necessary for chemical plants to adopt more efficient methods to identify and evaluate the risk factors that may lead to fire accidents,and then to monitor the production processes to ensure the stable operation.In view of the above problems,this thesis proposes a fire risk assessment method for chemical enterprises based on Systems-Theory Accidents Models and Processes（STAMP）from the perspective of systems theory and control theory.A combined safety analysis framework for chemical process is formulated based on STAMP model and production operation scenarios.The main research contents include:（1）to combine Hazard and Operability Analysis（HAZOP）to determine the system fire risk factors,and analyze the deviation in the HAZOP analysis as the disturbance in the system;（2）to construct The enterprise manages the control hierarchy and identify the safety constraints and control behaviors at each layer according to the internal management of the plant and the external interactions,;（3）to simulate the production process and the temperature and pressure changes in the reactor before the fire accident through the reaction dynamics model,and combine the simulation of the accident consequences to determine the possible causes of deficiencies in the restraint.This work uses a fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether production enterprise as an illustrative example.A systematic fire safety analysis is presented,It mainly focused on investigating the fire-causing factors and safety constraints in the production control process.Accurate descriptions of constraints and defects in the operation process are identified.The analysis results are verified by Decision Making Trial and Evaluatio Laboratory（DEMATEL）and Interpretative Structural Modeling（ISM）.The DEAMTEL model is used to clarify the constraints and defects in the operation process.The mutual influence relationships and the key constraint behaviors are identified.Finally,the structure level is analyzed through the ISM model to improve the safety management of the entire plant.