Research On Bone Density Measurement Algorithm And Software Design Of Dual Energy X-ray Bone Densitometer

With the increasing ageing of the population,the prevalence of osteoporosis is gradually increasing.The measurement of bone mineral density is very important for the early prevention,diagnosis and treatment of osteoporosis.Compared with other bone density measurement methods,dual-energy X-ray bone densitometer has the advantages of fast scanning speed,comprehensive measurement site,high accuracy and low radiation dose,so it is widely used and is called the "gold" of bone density measurement.standard".At present,the commonly used measurement algorithms of dual-energy X-ray bone densitometer still have the disadvantages of unstable measurement results and overly complicated fitting formulas.Most of the dualenergy X-ray bone densitometer products on the market also come from foreign manufacturers,and domestic manufacturers have successively launched Some local dual-energy X-ray bone densitometers that measure the forearm and calcaneus,while on the whole body dual-energy X-ray bone densitometer that mainly measures the two early osteoporosis prone parts of the lumbar spine and hip bone,there is still no one A mature product.In order to further improve the accuracy of bone density measurement and promote the development of the domestic dual-energy X-ray bone densitometer industry,this paper studies the measurement algorithm and software implementation of the dual-energy X-ray bone densitometer.The main research work includes:First,based on the image obtained by the dual-energy X-ray bone densitometer,various types of noise present in the image were analyzed,and according to various types of noise,various noise removal methods for this noise were studied,including median filtering,Non-uniformity correction,Wiener filtering and denoising method based on wavelet transform.To implement these denoising methods,and according to the processing results,a set of universal image preprocessing methods for dual-energy X-ray bone densitometer is proposed.Second,the measurement algorithm of dual-energy X-ray bone densitometer is studied.Through indepth exploration of various existing bone density measurement methods,including the theoretical formula method and various fitting methods,to summarize and propose an improved algorithm based on logarithmic fitting.Experiments were conducted to verify the accuracy and practicability of the algorithm.The experimental results show that the average relative error of the algorithm is 2.53%,and the accuracy of the algorithm is high.In order to verify whether the algorithm can exclude the influence of soft tissue during the measurement process,experiments with different thicknesses of aluminum and plexiglass are carried out.The experiment proves that the error of the algorithm measurement is less than 2% when the number of aluminum sheets is the same and the number of plexiglass is different.In the actual measurement process,the influence of soft tissue on bone density measurement can be ruled out,which further proves the accuracy of the algorithm.Third,the design and implementation of dual-energy X-ray bone densitometer measurement software.According to the application environment and measurement purpose of the dual-energy X-ray bone densitometer,the software requirements were analyzed,the software framework was designed,and the measurement process was determined.The software is divided into a calibration module,an image reading and area of interest selection module,a result calculation module,a report printing module,and a result saving and viewing module.According to the characteristics of different parts of the lumbar spine,hip,forearm and carpal bones,automatic extraction and manual adjustment of the region of interest are realized through edge extraction and threshold segmentation algorithms.Value,to provide a reference for the diagnosis of osteoporosis.