Research On The Impact Of Public Medical Insurance On The Poverty Vulnerability Of Rural Families

As the largest developing country,China has eliminated absolute and regional poverty through unremitting efforts over a long period and achieved a historic victory The focus of poverty alleviation has gradually shifted to consolidating the effect of poverty alleviation and preventing the poverty return.As an important part of China’s social security system,the public medical insurance system plays an important role in poverty alleviation,especially in solving the "public medical care" problem of the poor people,and it also has new tasks in the post-poverty era: how to better and more accurately prevent poverty caused by illness and return to poverty due to illness and help rural revitalization.Public medical insurance,as a poverty alleviation project,can enable families to obtain medical insurance at a lower cost,reduce family medical expenses,enhancing the family’s lasting income ability,and improve family living conditions.Poverty vulnerability incorporates the livelihood capital related to the family’s living conditions into the evaluation criteria.It not only uses absolute income as the sole criterion to measure the family’s living conditions,but also makes a more comprehensive assessment of the family’s living conditions and can also calculate whether the family will fall into poverty.In addition,this method can also be used to calculate the probability of a family falling into poverty in the future,so it has a certain guiding significance for the later work of preventing poverty return.This paper uses CFPS to construct a three-phase balanced panel model,and uses consumption poverty as the standard to further measure the poverty vulnerability of rural households and analyze the results;then use the ordinary OLS regression and fixed-effects model to affect the public medical insurance Empirical analysis and regional heterogeneity analysis of rural household poverty vulnerability.Furthermore,selected a threshold model to explore the impact of the public medical insurance system on the poverty vulnerability of rural families under different income conditions.Based on the above analysis,this article mainly has the following conclusions:First,the poverty vulnerability index in my country’s rural areas is on a downward trend.It shows that my country has not only made historic achievements in poverty alleviation tasks,but also has good results in consolidating the results of poverty alleviation.Second,public medical insurance reduces the poverty vulnerability of rural households only in the eastern region.It shows that the public medical insurance system has regional heterogeneity in helping people in need,and the assistance effect is still limited,and it is necessary to further adjust the system according to the characteristics of local economic and social development and the actual situation.Third,the impact of the public medical insurance system on the poverty vulnerability of rural families will be affected by the per capita income of rural families.For families whose per capita annual income is less than 4,817 yuan,participating in public medical insurance will increase their poverty vulnerability,and the effect of the impact will decrease with the increase in income;only when the family’s per capita annual income is greater than4,817 yuan,the public medical insurance Only insurance can significantly reduce the poverty vulnerability of rural families.Therefore,for “poor marginal” families whose per capita annual income is greater than RMB 2,300 and less than RMB 4,817,they need better and more precise assistance to stop falling into poverty.Therefore,the paper also has the following suggestions: First,the public medical insurance premium setting,insurance liability and insured amount setting should consider regional differences and make policy adjustments based on local conditions.Second,expand the scope of medical insurance assistance policies,further adjust the standards of medical insurance assistance for the poor people,and incorporate poverty vulnerability into the method of evaluating the needy people.Third,further promote the integration of public medical insurance with the relatively poor people,focusing on improving their health level to enhance their ability to escape poverty in a lasting time.The government needs to continue to improve the coverage and affordability of medical insurance to enhance the ability of the whole society to resist the risk of disease.Fourth,strengthen the internal driving force for the development of poor areas.The government should promote the integration of poverty alleviation through medical insurance,industry and education.