Research On The Impact Of The New Rural Cooperative Medical System On The Household Poverty Vulnerability In Chinese Rural Areas

2020 is the year for China to achieve the goal of building a well-off society in an all-round way,and it is also the year for a decisive victory in the battle against poverty.Since the reform and opening-up,China has made significant achievements in poverty alleviation.As of the end of 2019,the country ’s rural poverty population has decreased by more than 95 million,the existing rural poverty population is 5.15 million,and the incidence of poverty has dropped to 0.6%,creating the best achievements in China ’s history."Poverty due to illness" and "return to poverty due to illness" are the main causes of poverty for the rural poor in China.Solving the problem of returning to poverty due to illness is the focus and difficulty of China’s precise poverty alleviation work.To this end,since 2003,the government has introduced a new type of rural cooperative medical system(referred to as the New Rural Cooperative Medical System).In 2013,the rural residents’ participation rate reached 99%.For more than ten years of implementing the NCMS policy,NCMS has played an important role in reducing the medical burden on rural residents,increasing the utilization rate of medical services,improving the health of farmers and reducing the incidence of poverty.This article focuses on the impact of the NCMS policy on rural households ’vulnerability to poverty.The main content includes the following three parts:First,this article introduces various concepts and measurement methods of poverty vulnerability,and based on the expected poverty vulnerability theory(VEP),the data used is from the 2015 data of the China Household Finance Survey(CHFS)of Southwestern University of Finance and Economics.The poverty vulnerability of rural families in China in 2014.Second,this article uses the NCMS reimbursement level as the explanatory variable,adopts a multiple regression method to conduct an empirical study on the impact of the NCMS medical security level on household poverty vulnerability,and sub-sample households with catastrophic medical expenditures Conduct an impact study.Third,this paper uses an intermediary utility model to study and analyze the path of the new rural cooperative medical system’s impact on poverty vulnerability,and confirm whether the new rural cooperative medical system reduces the poverty vulnerability of rural households through the compensation effect.The research results obtained in this paper are as follows:(1)Increasing the NCMS security level has a significant negative impact on the poverty vulnerability of rural households,that is,increasing the NCMS security level can effectively reduce the poverty vulnerability of families.And the improvement of the level of the new rural cooperative medical care system has a more significant effect on poverty reduction for families with catastrophic medical expenses.(2)The NCMS policy reduces the poverty vulnerability of rural households through the compensation effect,that is,reducing medical expenses is one of the important intermediary channels for poverty reduction in the NCMS system.In response to the above research conclusions,based on the new era of the integration of urban and rural residents’ medical insurance,under the guidance of General Secretary Xi Jinping’s precise poverty alleviation and medical insurance poverty alleviation guidelines,relevant policy recommendations are proposed.