Study On Health Education Intervention In Primary And Secondary School Students In Hainan Province

ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to understand the health education intervention of primary and secondary school students in Hainan Province,to understand the level of health knowledge,health behaviors,and the needs of primary and secondary school students for health education,to evaluate the effects of interventions and to analyze the influencing factors,So as to provide a reference for health education in school in Hainan Province.Methods4 cities including Hai kou,Qiong zhong,Danzhou and Sanya of Hainan Province were selected by multi-stage sampling method.2 primary schools and 2 junior middle schools were selected from each city.6 classes were randomly selected from each grade.A total of 18,000 students were selected from 432 classes.Firstly,a baseline survey was conducted to understand primary and secondary school students’awareness level of health knowledge,health behavior status and their demand for health health education.Then,six classes in each grade were randomly divided into three groups with two classes in each group for intervention from march to June,2018.（1）The teaching intervention group:students were given teaching materials and taught in class;（2）Independent study group:students were only given teaching materials for studying independently;（3）The control group:no interventions.After the intervention,a second questionnaire survey was conducted.SAS9.2 was used for data matching,and SPSS17.0 software was used for data statistical description,variance analysis,t test,?²test and multiple linear regression analysis.Result16448 valid questionnaires were recovered with the effective recovery rate（91.38%）.Before the intervention,the score of health knowledge was（45.93±19.96）points.The results of multi-factor analysis showed that the influencing factors of students’health knowledge score were gender,school segment,nationality,place of origin,family location,whether they were the only child,their parents’educational level and their parents’working place,and the differences were statistically significant（P<0.05）.The score of health behavior was（72.96±19.56）points,and the factors influencing the score of students’health behavior included gender,school segment,nationality,place of origin,family location,whether they were the only child,and the educational level of their parents（P<0.05）.After intervention,the scores of health knowledge and health behavior were（55.45±22.09）points and（77.64±18.01）points.The results of repeated measures,ANOVA showed that the differences of knowledge scores and behavior scores in each groups were statistically significant（P<0.001）,and the interaction between time and groups were statistically significant.The score increment was the largest in the teaching intervention group,followed by the independent learning group,and the smallest in the control group.(F _knowledge=403.13,P _knowledge<0.001;F _behavior=17.03,P _behavior<0.001).According to the multiple linear regression analysis,the influence factors of the intervention effect of health knowledge and health behavior were grouping,learning segment and nationality.The intervention effect of the teaching intervention group was good,while that of the control group was the worst.The intervention effect of primary school students is better than that of junior middle school students,and that of other ethnic students is better than the student of the Han nationality.To sort by frequency of choice,the top three kinds of health knowledge that students wanted to learn were"knowledge related to safety emergency and risk aversion","knowledge related to disease prevention"and"knowledge related to healthy behavior and lifestyle".12,967（78.84%）primary and secondary school students thought it was necessary to carry out health education courses.The most desired way for students to receive health education was"health education course",which was selected 12,595 times（76.57%）.Conclusion1.The health knowledge level was low and the health behavior formation rate was not high in primary and secondary school students of Hainan province.The main factors influencing the knowledge and behavior score was sex,period,nationality,native place,family,home,whether it was only children,parents,culture degree and the parents work.2.After the intervention,the health knowledge and behaviors of primary and secondary school students were significantly improved.The teaching intervention group having The intervention effect was best in the teaching intervention group,and worst in the control group.The main factors influencing factors of the intervention effect including period,national and grouping.3.Most of the students were willing to study health knowledge,and hoped to learn by health education curriculum.The top three kinds of health knowledge that students wanted to learn were"safety emergency and risk aversion knowledge","disease prevention knowledge"and"healthy behavior and lifestyle knowledge".4.Health education in shcool should be further strengthened and be carried out in a planned and targeted way,so as to cultivate public health consciousness and health consciousness,to improve the level of health knowledge and skills,adopt healthy behavior and life-style,and to improve the health quality of students.