| Spinal cord ischemia-reperfusion injury(SCII)is a common complication after spine,spinal cord trauma or thoracic-abdominal aortic aneurysm resection.It can cause hemiplegia,paralysis of the lower limbs,etc,and increase the incidence of neurological dysfunction,affecting patients rehabilitation and quality of life.Neuroinflammation and neuronal apoptosis are the more important pathogenesis of SCII,and the commonly used clinical antioxidants and other organ protection drugs can delay the development of the disease,but the drugs lack fat solubility and have a huge molecular weight and so on,leading to a poor prognosis for long-term treatment.Ginkgo biloba is a large deciduous tree with slender petioles and has many functions in the field of medicine.Ginkgo biloba extract(GBE)is a standard preparation that is enriched by extracting flavonoids,ginkgolides and other medicinal components from Ginkgo biloba.From the results of previous studies,it can be seen that GBE can scavenge oxygen free radicals,relax vascular smooth muscle,inhibit lipid peroxidation,and has a good preventive effect on cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.Objective:A rats model of SCII was established routinely and Ginkgo biloba extract was given to rats for intervention to explore the effect and mechanism of Ginkgo biloba extract in the repair of SCII in rats.Methods:In this study,28 healthy adult SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups:sham operation group,model group,ginkgo leaf extract treatment group and ginkgo leaf extract pretreatment group.Ginkgo biloba extract pretreatment group was given intraperitoneal injection of 0.83ml/kg of Ginkgo biloba extract daily for 5 consecutive days before modeling,and the other groups were intraperitoneally injected with equal volume of normal saline daily.The method of blocking the abdominal aorta of the left kidney to induce spinal cord ischemia for 1 hour,and then the perfusion was restored to establish a rat SCII animal model.After modeling,the rats in Ginkgo biloba extract treatment group were given daily intraperitoneal injection of Ginkgo biloba extract0.83ml/kg for 5 consecutive days,and the other groups were intraperitoneally injected with equal volume of normal saline daily.The von frey cilia kit was used to determine the mechanical withdrawal threshold of rats;after 7 days of reperfusion,the removed spinal cord was fixed in 10% formalin buffer to perfoem the pathological observation of spinal cord tissue slices;after 7 days of reperfusion,part of the spinal cord tissues were taken out to determine the brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF)content of spinal cord tissues in each group by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA);immunohistochemistry method was used to determine the expression of augmenter of liver regeneration(ALR),glutathione peroxidase 4(GPX4),4-hydroxynonenal(4-HNE),transferrin receptor Body 1(Tf R1),cystine/glutamate transporter(Solute carrier family7member11,SLC7A11)protein in Spinal cord tissue augmenter of.Results:(1)As time went by in the model group,Ginkgo biloba extract treatment group and Ginkgo biloba extract pretreatment group,the mechanical withdrawal threshold of rats showed an upward trend,and there was a significant difference in the mechanical withdrawal threshold at different time points(P<0.05);in ginkgo biloba extract pretreatment group 2,3,4,5,6,and 7 days after SCII,mechanical foot withdrawal reflex threshold were significantly higher than that in the Ginkgo biloba extract treatment group(P<0.05);(2)in the sham operation group,spinal cords had no significant changes by the three kinds of staining,and no spinal cord edema was seen,motor neuron cells had clear edges,uniform morphology and structure,no mesenchymal congestion or edema was observed;in the the model group obvious spinal cord edema was seen,the boundaries of neuronal cells were unclear and necrotic,and the gray matter is improved in spongy form,the cell boundaries were unclear,showing changes before cell lysis,and obvious mesenchymal congestion and edema were seen;7 days after the intervention of the Ginkgo biloba extract pretreatment group,spinal cord edema was relatively mild,and most rats spinal cords were accompanied by mild edema degeneration,the edge of motor neurons wereclear,and the changes in morphology and structure were not obvious.asmall number of neurons were seen the disappearance of central Nissl body,accompanied by mild hyperemia and edema.The symptoms of the three stains of the Ginkgo biloba extract treatment group are slightly severe than that of the Ginkgo biloba extract Pretreatment group,but superior to that of model group;(3)spinal cords in Ginkgo biloba extract treatment group,Ginkgo biloba extract pretreatment group and model group had higher BDNF levels than those in sham group(P<0.05);7days after intervention in ginkgo biloba extract pretreatment,BDNF level was significantly higher thatn that of ginkgo biloba extract pretreatment group and model group;the BDNF level of the Ginkgo biloba extract treatment group was higher than that of the model group(P<0.05)7 days after the intervention;(4)in ginkgo biloba extract treatment group and Ginkgo bilobapretreatment group,the expression levels of the proteins,including ALR,GPX4 and SLC7A11 in the leaf extract pretreatment group were higher than those in the model group(P<0.05);the levels of 4-HNE and Tf R1 protein were lower than the model group(P<0.05);The expression levels of GPX4 and SLC7A11 protein were higher than those in the Ginkgo biloba extract treatment group;the levels of4-HNE and Tf R1 protein were lower than those in the Ginkgo biloba extract treatment group(P<0.05).Conclusion:Ginkgo biloba extract is used for mechanical foot withdrawal threshold in rats with SCII,reduces SCII in rats,and contributes to the content of BDNF in rat spinal cord tissue.Its repair mechanism may be related to the up-regulation of ALR,GPX4,and SLC7A11 proteins and down-regulation of Tf R1 and 4-HNE proteins. |
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