Study On Health Status And Pension Demand Of Elderly People From Low-Income Families In Dalian

Objective:This paper is based on the health conditions of the elderly in low-income families,to analyze the impact of economic fragility and health fragility on elderly care demand,and the influence path of health on elderly medical service demand,exploring practical and feasible supporting measures,to prevent the occurrence of poverty due to illness,and provide reference suggestions for improving the life of the elderly in low-income families.Method:The questionnaire was designed by the literature analysis method and expert advice.The contents of the questionnaire included basic information,physical health status,mental health status,social support and pension demand.A stratified multistage convenience sampling method was conducted to select a sample of elderly in low-income family among the four downtown districts in Dalian.A total of 540questionnaires were sent out,all the questionnaires were recovered,the effective rate is96.67%.Epidata was used to establish the database,double-check data entry was performed,and SPSS 19.0 software was used for data analysis.For descriptive analysis,frequency and constituent ratio indexes were used,χ~2 test was used for analyzing the impact of economic fragility and health fragility on elderly care demand,and logistic regression model was used for multivariate analysis of influencing factors of elderly care demand.Stepwise linear regression was used to analyze the mediating effect of mental health on self-rated health and pension demand.Result:1.350 subjects(67.0%)were self-rated as unhealthy;The prevalence of chronic diseases was 76.8%,and the top three chronic diseases were hypertension,coronary heart disease and other heart-related diseases,and arthritis or rheumatism.The average score of basic activities of daily living was(6.79±2.67).The positive rate of depression in this sample was 42.7%,and the mean score of the geriatric depression scale was(13.13±7.85).The elderly in low-income families have a good social adaptation.45.2%of the elderly often have parties with friends to adapt to the changes in social life.Education level,family living on subsistence allowance,self-rated health,chronic disease status,children’s regular visits and friends’get-together were the influencing factors of depression screening results(p<0.05).2.At present,the elderly in low-income families receive family endowment care(96.7%);In terms of pension demand,the demand for medical and health services is the highest(59.8%),the demand for on-site medical services of medical services is the highest(37.9%).The elderly with different self-rated health have different pension demand.The elderly with self-rated unhealthy has higher demand for old-age medical services than the elderly with self-rated healthy(p<0.05).3.Economic vulnerability and healthy vulnerability have different influences on the pension demand for the low-income families(p<0.05).The elderly with a living balance between 0 and 720 yuan had the highest demand for spiritual consolation and daily care.Compared with the self-rated healthy elderly,the self-rated unhealthy elderly have higher economic assistance,medical services and life care needs.4.Among the elderly in low-income families with self-rated healthy,the difference of education level,living mode,children’s regular visit and friends’gathering on the demand for elderly care and medical service was statistically significant(p<0.05).Among the elderly in low-income families with self-rated unhealthy,the difference of pension insurance participation,family monthly income,whether the family is entitled to subsistence allowance or not,and children’s regular visit have statistical significance on the demand for elderly medical services(p<0.05).Endowment status,family monthly income,family on subsistence allowance,children’s regular visits,self-assessment of health,chronic disease,hospitalization times and depression screening were the influencing factors of elderly care service demand in low-income families(p<0.05).5.Self-rated health not only directly positive predicts the demand for elderly medical services,but also indirectly affects the demand for elederly medical services through the mediating role of mental health,mental health plays a complete mediating role between self-rated health and elderly medical service demand(p<0.001).Conclusion:1.The health level of the elderly in low-income families is low and the mental health problems are prominent;2.The vulnerability of the elderly in low-income families is obvious,and the economic vulnerability and health vulnerability have an impact on the pension demand of the elderly in low-income families;3.The elderly medical service demand in low-income families is affected by many factors,health status has an impact on the demand for elderly health services through mental health.To improve the state of the elderly in low-income families and their quality of life better,meeting the daily needs as a starting point,to put forward the following suggestions:(1)Encourage the elderly to participate in mutual support for the aged;(2)Focus on the role of family in providing old-age care services;(3)Improve the community home care service system;(4)Giving full play to the principal functions of the government.