| ObjectiveUnder the strategic background of the country’s further support for technological innovation in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),this study is guided by input-output theory and total factor production theory to study the efficiency of scientific research input and output and its influencing factors in university of TCM,which is conducive to understanding the current situation.The status quo of scientific research input and output in university of TCM,explore the factors that affect the efficiency of scientific research input and output,and put forward policy recommendations for existing shortcomings.Thus,it provides theoretical reference and practical guidance for improving the scientific research management level in university of TCM,realizing the optimal allocation in scientific research resources of TCM,and enhancing the scientific research and innovation strength in university of TCM.MethodsThe research methods of this paper include literature research method and quantitative analysis method.The Literature research method.Firstly by searching Chinese and foreign language databases,consulting related books and periodicals,browsing the official websites of the national health department,administrative department and relevant medical institutions of TCM,collecting statistical data such as policy documents,annual reports,statistical compilations on scientific research and scientific research efficiency of TCM.Then,deeply analyzes the relevant background knowledge,input-output,efficiency and other relevant theoretical foundations of the scientific research development of TCM.Finally,refer to the relevant content to clarify the research object,and select the index to evaluate the scientific research efficiency in universities of TCM.The quantitative analysis method.Firstly,it describe and analyze the scientific research status in universities of TCM.On this basis,it further explores the efficiency of scientific research input and output in universities of TCM,including static analysis of the efficiency of scientific research input and output in 24 universities of TCM by using the CCR and BCC models in data envelopment analysis.Then combine the Malmquist index method to explore the dynamic changes of the input and output efficiency of scientific research in universities of TCM.Finally,a description and analysis of the scientific research investment indicators in universities of TCM are carried out,and the Tobit model is used to explore the factors that affect the scientific research efficiency in universities of TCM.ResultsFirstly,selection of input and output indicators for evaluating scientific research efficiency in universities of TCM.The research takes universities of TCM as the research object.Input indicators include four indicators in two dimensions of human and financial resources,they are the number of teaching and scientific research personnel,the number of research and development personnel,science and technology funding,and science and technology project expenditures.Output indicators include the direct reflection of scientific research results and the conversion of results,they are the number of monographs,the number of academic papers published,the number of appraisal results,and the number of awards for achievements.Secondly,results on the efficiency of scientific research input and output in universities of TCM.(1)There are certain differences in the scientific research status in universities of TCM,which are manifested in the large differences in the overall annual growth rate and the growth rate between universities.(2)The static analysis of scientific research efficiency in universities of TCM in 2016 shows that the comprehensive technical efficiency of the scientific research of 24 universities is 0.707,the pure technical efficiency is 0.863,and the scale efficiency is 0.823,showing that overall non-DEA effective.Some universities of TCM have over-input or under-output.(3)The dynamic analysis of scientific research efficiency in universities of TCM from 2009 to 2016 shows that the annual average value of total factor productivity is 1.048,showing an overall upward trend.The total factor productivity in 14 universities of TCM is greater than 1,showing an increasing trend,accounting for 58.33%of the total,and the total factor productivity in 10 universities of TCM is showing a downward trend.Thirdly,analysis results of factors affecting the efficiency of scientific research input and output in universities of TCM.(1)Senior title personnel account for a relatively high proportion of research and development personnel,but there are large differences between institutions.Full-time equivalent personnel account for a relatively high proportion of research and development personnel,and the percentage difference between universities is relatively small.Government funds are the main source of research funding for universities of TCM,and the entrusted funding of enterprises and institutions is on the rise.(2)Human resources,financial resources,and the efficiency of scientific research input and output do not show a significant positive correlation,and scientific research innovation and the efficiency of scientific research input and output in universities of TCM show a significant positive correlation.ConclusionFirstly,there are significant differences in the efficiency of scientific research input and output in universities of TCM,and the overall efficiency of scientific research input and output needs to be further enhanced.The total factor productivity of universities of TCM shows a fluctuating trend.Some universities have excessive input or insufficient output,which needs attention.Secondly,the decline in total factor productivity is mainly caused by the decline in the efficiency of technological progress,the efficiency of technological progress is an important manifestation of the scientific research and innovation ability of universities.The decline in the efficiency of technological progress in some universities of TCM indicates that their scientific research and innovation capabilities need to be further enhanced.Thirdly,the enhancement of scientific research and innovation ability in universities of TCM can improve the efficiency of scientific research input,but the invalid input of human resources and financial resources cannot bring about the improvement of the efficiency of scientific research input and output.Fourthly,the improvement of the efficiency of scientific research input and output of Chinese medicine colleges can be carried out from the following three aspects.(1)Improve the funding input system and improve the scientific and technological innovation system.(2)Reasonably adjust the structure of scientific research and optimize the allocation of scientific research resources.(3)Promote scientific research efficiency assessment and improve the evaluation feedback mechanism. |
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