| BackgroundThe incidence of liver cancer is high and the survival rate of patients is low.Surgery is the main treatment for liver cancer,but patients have complex symptoms and clusters of symptoms during perioperative period.Patients with liver cancer have neuropsychological symptoms cluster during perioperative period,which are serious and affect postoperative recovery.Group drawing therapy is a drawing activity carried out in the form of a group.Studies have shown that drawing therapy can improve the negative psychology of patients,but its application in liver cancer patients has rarely been reported.Based on group drawing therapy and symptom management theory,this study constructed a management plan for perioperative neuropsychological symptoms of patients with primary liver cancer,and explored its application effect.ObjectiveTo construct a group drawing intervention program for neuropsychological symptoms of primary liver cancer during perioperative period,and to test the application effect.It provides a scientific basis for carrying out targeted non-drug interventions for liver cancer and reducing the neuropsychological symptoms of patients with liver cancer effectively,and also provides practical experience for the application of drawing therapy in cancer patients.Methods1.Literature study and Delphi expert letter consultation were used to construct the intervention plan.2.Seventy-six patients with primary liver cancer who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria in a hospital were selected as the research object.The patients were divided into intervention group and control group,38 cases in each group by random number table method.The control group was given perioperative nursing according to the guidelines.Patients in the intervention group participated in group drawing therapy on the basis of the control group.Before and after intervention,patients were evaluated by Self-Rating Anxiety Scale,Self-Rating Depression Scale,Short-term Sleep Disorder Scale and Quality of Life for Liver Cancer for patients.The independent sample t test and chi-square test were used for data statistical analysis using SPSS26.0.The qualitative study was conducted after the intervention,fifteen patients were selected by the objective sampling method,and semistructured interviews were conducted.Colaizzi analysis method was used to analyze and summarize the original data and extract the themes.Results1.The group painting therapy was divided into 6 times,the themes were: meeting today,relaxing body and mind,self-healing,seeking happiness,accepting self and opening heart.Intervention time: 2 times preoperatively and 4 times postoperatively,each time 20～30minutes.2.There were no statistically significant differences in gender,age,marital status,educational level and other social demographic data and clinical data scores between the two groups(P>0.05),indicating that the two groups were homogenous and comparable.3.Control group and intervention group’s anxiety score difference before and after the intervention were 8.65±3.65、13.54±4.51,after the intervention,the anxiety scores of the control group and the intervention group were 43.23±5.76 and 39.06±4.54,the differences between the two groups were statistically significant(P<0.001,P=0.001).It is suggested that group drawing therapy can relieve the anxiety symptoms of liver cancer patients during perioperative period effectively.4.Control group and intervention group’s depression score difference before and after the intervention were 5.59±2.54、12.19±5.40,after the intervention,the depression scores of the control group and the intervention group were 49.61±5.45 and 43.75±4.06,the differences between the two groups were statistically significant(P<0.001,P<0.001).It is suggested that group drawing therapy can relieve the depression symptoms of liver cancer patients during perioperative period effectively.5.Control group and intervention group’s sleep disorders score difference before and after the intervention were 2.03±0.67、3.28±1.79,after the intervention,the scores of sleep disorders in the control group and the intervention group were 6.47±1.26 and 7.82±2.82,the differences between the two groups were statistically significant(P<0.001,P=0.031),indicating that group drawing therapy can effectively reduce the factors causing sleep disorders and improve sleep quality with liver cancer during perioperative period.6.Comparison of quality of life scores: In the control group,there was no statistically significant difference in the scores of each dimension before and after intervention(P>0.05),while only the scores of psychological dimension and the total scores of quality of life in the intervention group were improved and the differences were statistically significant(P=0.002).Comparison between groups showed that the scores of psychological function dimension and total scores of quality of life in the control group were lower than those in the intervention group.The difference was statistically significant(P =0.004),and there was no statistically significant difference in the scores of other dimensions(P>0.05),indicating that group drawing therapy can improve the quality of life of liver cancer patients by improving their psychological status during perioperative period.7.Semi-structured interviews were conducted on patients’ experience in group painting therapy,and the following five themes were extracted: getting rid of the shackles of disease,visualizing the expression of emotions,expelling negative emotions,easily reshaping oneself,and improving the sense of life value.ConclusionsThe group painting intervention can effectively relieve the anxiety and depression symptoms of liver cancer patients during the perioperative period,improve the sleep quality,reduce the factors that cause sleep disorders during hospitalization,reduce the influence of neuropsychological symptoms on patients,and improve the quality of life. |
PDF Full Text Request