Investigation And Research On The Current Situation Of Elderly Population In Rural Areas In Deep Poverty In A Province

Objective:Exploring the status quo,satisfaction and influencing factors of elderly care in deeply impoverished rural areas in a province,as well as the status quo of elderly care services,providing a basis for the construction of rural old-age care model,policy formulation and improvement of old-age care services in deeply impoverished areas.Methods:In this study,quantitative research and qualitative research were combined,that is,self-made questionnaire and semi-structured interview.Taking 1560 elderly people and 180 old-age service personnel in the poverty-stricken rural areas of a province as the investigation objects,this paper conducted an empirical study on the status quo of old-age care,old-age service status and influencing factors.The specific methods are as follows:1.Self-made questionnaire survey.Through self-made questionnaire,a large sample of rural elderly people and old-age service personnel in two prefecture-level cities with deep poverty in this province was investigated and the influencing factors were analyzed.2.Semi-structured interview.Through the preparation of the interview outline,this paper interviews the rural elderly and old-age service personnel in two deeply impoverished prefecture-level cities in this province.After sorting out the data,it further explores the old-age support status and old-age service status of the rural elderly population,and analyzes the influencing factors.3.In summary,the two methods are used to obtain the status quo and influencing factors of the elderly in the poverty-stricken rural areas in this province,as well as the status quo and influencing factors of the elderly care services.3.Results:Ⅰ.Questionnaire survey results1.Questionnaire survey results on the status quo of elderly care in rural areas(1)Status quo of old-age care The elderly in deeply impoverished rural areas are mainly supported by family care(71.3%),while only 15% consider institutional care.The overall satisfaction of the elderly is 70.9%,including57.2% of national policies,64.8% of economic conditions,73.4% of life care,71.8% of medical care,and 76.1% of spiritual and cultural satisfaction.(2)Age,region,education level,children,pension mode,self-care status,number of insurance,number of patients and whether to consider living in a nursing home are the main influencing factors of satisfaction with pension status(P<0.05).2.Questionnaire survey results on the status quo of rural old-age service(1)Status Quo of Elderly Service 67.8% of the old-age service workers in deeply impoverished rural areas do not have professional certificates.The overall understanding rate of pension knowledge of service personnel was76.7%,among which the understanding rate of national policy knowledge was77.2%,the understanding rate of life care knowledge was 88.0%,the understanding rate of medical care knowledge was 58.6%,and the understanding rate of spiritual and cultural knowledge was 92.2%.(2)Influencing factors Education level,age and certificate holding were the influencing factors of understanding(P<0.05).Ⅱ.semi-structured interview results Through the semi-structured interview,the following themes are summarized for the status quo of old-age care and old-age care services respectively.(1)The theme of old-age care status: relevant policies need to be improved,and rural old-age policies are not paid enough attention to;The economic security of the elderly in rural areas is at a low level;Family members are important providers of life care for the elderly in rural areas;The few free physical examination items,the few nursing staff,the family doctor signed but not contracted to restrict the reasons for the rural elderly medical care;The reasons for the spiritual and cultural dissatisfaction of the elderly in rural areas include the need to improve the degree and frequency of their children’s care and the single form of recreational activities.(2)Status quo of pension services for elderly service personnel Theme: The understanding rate of national policies for the elderly in deeply impoverished rural areas is not high,and the forms of promotion of pension policies need to be diversified;It is urgent to improve the hardware and software status of the organization and raise its salary and benefits.The overall standard of living care is good;The training of medical care needs to be improved and the level of medical care needs to be improved.Psychological care is mainly accompanied by chatting and volunteer services,and the form of entertainment activities is single.Efforts should be made to reduce the labor intensity of elderly service personnel and improve their values and expectations.Ⅲ.Based on the questionnaire and interview we found that(1)the current situation of elderly care in deeply impoverished rural areas: the understanding rate of national policies for the elderly is relatively low,the legal consultation/legal aid needs to be improved,and the policy publicity channels need to be diversified;Economic satisfaction is low,economic self-support is common,medical expenses are relatively large;Life care is still mainly for the elderly at home,and the satisfaction of emergency rescue among neighbors needs to be improved.Basic recognition of medical care,medical care level needs to be further improved;Their spiritual and cultural status is satisfactory.Family members are their main source of spiritual support,and the intensity of family support needs to be improved.(2)The current situation of old-age care services in deeply impoverished rural areas: the understanding rate of national policies for the elderly in deeply impoverished rural areas is not high,and the form of old-age care policy publicity is single;The hardware and software conditions of the organization need to be improved,and the salary and benefits need to be improved;The overall standard of living care is good;It is urgent to improve the basic technical level of medical care and actively cultivate medical and nursing talents.Psychological care is mainly accompanied by chatting and volunteer services,and the form of entertainment activities is single.Efforts should be made to reduce the labor intensity of elderly service personnel and improve their values and expectations.Conclusion:1.In terms of pension status,family pension is the main pension mode for the deeply impoverished rural elderly population.The old-age pension status is not optimistic.The satisfaction of old-age pension status is affected by individual,family and society factors.Pay attention to the individual influencing factors of the elderly,increase the investment of the elderly family and society,and improve their satisfaction.2.In terms of the current situation of old-age care services,the understanding rate of rural old-age care service personnel to old-age care knowledge needs to be improved.It is suggested to enhance the cultural quality of old-age care service personnel,improve the certificate holding rate,and strengthen the training of professional medical care knowledge and spiritual and cultural knowledge.