Case Analysis Of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Hypopnea Syndrome In A Hospital In Chifeng City

Objective:By analyzing the investigation data of patients with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome（OSAHS）,the general demographic characteristics,behavioral characteristics and clinical characteristics of this population were obtained,so as to provide reference for the etiology,prevention and treatment of the disease.The data and information of patients with severe OSAHS and non-severe OSAHS,different clinical manifestations of OSAHS patients,and patients with simple OSAHS and those with complicated diseases were compared to explore the differences in general demographic characteristics,behavioral characteristics and clinical characteristics,so as to provide a basis for putting forward targeted measures.Methods:The hospital’s HIS system was used to retrieve OSAHS patients with ICD-10 code G47.3 who visited a hospital in Chifeng city from 2016 to 2019,and collected corresponding clinical case data,including general demography,behavior,clinical symptoms and laboratory examination indicators,etc.Epi Data.3.1 software was used to input and check data in double blind method.The measurement data were described by mean±standard deviation and median（P25,P75）.The number,frequency and composition ratio were used to describe the counting data.Mann-Whitney rank-sum test,X~2 test and Fisher’s exact probability test were used to compare the differences in general demographic,behavioral and clinical characteristics of patients with different disease severity and clinical manifestations of OSAHS.Binary logistic regression was used to analyze the factors of OSAHS patients complicated with major clinical diseases.Results:1.Among 176 patients with OSAHS,the male to female ratio was 2.45:1.Han ethnicity accounted for 92.05%;Most of them were over 55 years old.89.20%of patients were married;66.48%of patients were obese.Most of the occupations were unemployed,accounting for 46.02%;22.73%of the patients had a history of smoking and 7.95%of the patients had a history of drinking.2.The clinical symptoms of patients with OSAHS were mainly snoring（92.61%）,apnea（63.64%）,daytime headache,fatigue and sleepiness（59.66%）,wakefulness（31.25%）and nocturia（15.34%）.The main complications were hypertension（68.75%）,hyperlipidemia（45.45%）,coronary heart disease（40.34%）and diabetes mellitus（27.27%）.The overall treatment of patients with OSAHS performed well.3.There were 65 patients（36.93%）with non-severe OSAHS,and 111 patients（63.07%）with severe OSAHS.Compared with the non-severe OSAHS group,the severe OSAHS group had a relatively higher proportion of males,Han ethnicity,diabetes and hyperlipidemia,while the non-severe OSAHS group had a relatively higher proportion of married people.The severe group had higher apnea index,longer maximum apnea duration,lower mean oxygen saturation and minimum oxygen saturation,and higher proportion of severe nocturnal hypoxemia（P≤0.05）.4.Compared with OSAHS patients with symptoms of wake up,patients without symptoms of wake up had a higher proportion of coronary heart disease.Compared with the patients without apnea symptoms,the proportion of married individuals of apnea patients was lower,and the proportion of drinking history of them was higher.The proportion of Han ethnicity in OSAHS patients with daytime headache,fatigue and sleepiness was higher.The patients with OSAHS who developed symptoms of nocturia,urgency and pain in urine was with higher proportion of diabetes（P≤0.05）.5.In this study,there were 27 patients with simple OSAHS,accounting for 15.34%,and 149 patients of OSAHS combined with diseases,accounting for 84.66%.Compared with patients with simple OSAHS,the OSAHS combined with diseases group had a higher proportion of high age,obesity and severe sleep hypoxemia.Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the risk of combined with diseases in≥55 age group was 4.00 times（OR=4.00;95%CI:1.28-12.48）than that in 25-39 age group.The degree of nocturnal sleep hypoxemia was also closely associated with the complications of OSAHS patients.Conclusions:1.Among the 176 patients with OSAHS,there were more males than females,most of them were Han ethnicity,and most of them were adults over 55 years old,and the majority of them were obese.2.The clinical symptoms of patients with snoring,apnea,daytime headache,fatigue and lethargy,wake up and night urination which might combined with pain or be urgent were more common;Complications include hypertension,hyperlipidemia,coronary heart disease and diabetes mellitus.The overall treatment of patients with OSAHS performed well.3.Compared with the non-severe disease group,the proportion of males in the severe disease group was higher,the proportion of married population in them was lower,and the proportion of diabetes,hyperlipidemia and apnea is higher,too.4.Patients with different clinical symptoms had different general demographic,behavioral characteristics and distribution of complications.High age and the degree of nocturnal sleep hypoxemia were closely associated with the complications of OSAHS patients.