A Study Of Qu Dajun’s Ci

Qu Dajun is a famous adherent scholar of Lingnan in the early Qing Dynasty.He is as famous as Liang Peilan and Chen Gongyin,and is known as the "three great masters of Lingnan".Qu Dajun had a large number of poems,with more than 6000 poems,which enjoyed a high reputation in the poetry world at that time.There are only 373 Ci poems.Although the number of Ci poems is far less than that of poetry,it has also made great achievements.However,the current academic research on Qu Dajun’s Ci poems is relatively weak.Although the existing research has discussed the spread of Qu Dajun’s Ci poetry collection,the concept of Ci poetry,the content of Ci poetry,and the artistic characteristics,it is mostly superficial and lack of holistic observation.In fact,Qu Dajun’s Ci contains rich connotation of the times and unique artistic style.Therefore,the overall study of Qu Dajun’s Ci has certain academic value.As a adherent of the Ming Dynasty with noble national integrity,Qu Dajun ran all his life for the restoration of the Ming Dynasty.He went north many times in an attempt to recover the Ming Dynasty,during which he made friends with many scholars of the adherents of the Ming Dynasty.When Qu Dajun realized that Kuang Fu was hopeless in his twilight years,he devoted himself to writing in order to preserve the national culture.During this period,although he had a hand over with the Qing government officials,he was always determined not to be an official.His works are fruitful,involving the collection of classics and history.Because of the anti Qing thoughts in his works,he was severely banned and destroyed in the Yongzheng and Qianlong dynasties,but his works with block printed edition were basically preserved in the Kangxi period.Qu Dajun’s Ci has a variety of themes,including nostalgia,chanting things,scenery,friendship and mourning.Each category contains rich thoughts and feelings.Nostalgic CI expresses the poet’s thoughts of his country and the pain of his country’s subjugation from four aspects: nostalgia for the old monarch of his country,lamenting the rise and fall of the dynasty,recalling the sages of the past dynasties,and singing about the martyrs of his dynasty.The ci poetry of chanting things can be divided into four categories: animals,plants,astronomy,geography and living things,covering four aspects: the sadness of being away from home,the lofty ambition,the expression of things,and the feeling of being happy.The scenery lyrics show the frontier scenery,beautiful mountains and rivers and folk customs.Friendship words mainly have two emotional connotations: comfort of friendship and thought of seclusion.Qu Dajun’s mourning poems not only mourn his wife,but also integrate the emotion of remembering his hometown,which gives a new era connotation.Qu Dajun’s Ci has a high artistic attainments.He is good at using symbolism.He not only inherits the Bixing tradition of Xiangcao beauty,but also reflects the Ming and Qing Dynasties with specific images such as "cattle","sheep" and "bright moon" in combination with the background of the times.At the same time,a lot of allusions are used to metaphorize the painful thought of homeland.Ci is usually regarded as lyric literature,but Qu Dajun’s Ci has obvious narrative characteristics in both the structure of Ci and the content of text.He uses Fu technique to write his Ci and spread history.His Ci has complete narrative elements,proper material selection,clear narrative structure and poetic writing mode.In addition,he worked in detail description and successfully created a unique female image.His description of life in terms of words not only directly reflects his personal circumstances,but also shows the macro social outlook.Moreover,Qu Dajun was proficient in phonology,rhymed with Cantonese,and used reduplicated sentences to enhance the musical beauty of the words.In addition,Qu Dajun’s legendary life experience and his attitude towards learning have created a variety of CI styles,which are embodied in heroism,vigor,sadness and plainness.