A Study Of The Chinese Textbook Huayu Kuibu Of Japan

“Huayu Kuibu” is a Chinese textbook written by the Chinese scholar Mihabumi during the Meiji era in Japan.It is an oral conversation textbook suitable for beginner Chinese learners in Japan.It is also the one with the longest use and the most revisions of its many Chinese textbooks.Chinese textbooks have distinctive features in terms of teaching content and compilation principles.In terms of teaching content,the phonetic part compares the pronunciation characteristics of Chinese and Japanese,emphasizing that Japanese learners should pay attention to the differences between aspirated and non-aspirated sounds,the difference between front and back nasal sounds,the opening degree of finals,and the changes in four tones.It is highly targeted.In order to enable learners to master the pronunciation of Chinese as quickly as possible,the editor also uses Japanese katakana to assist Japanese learners in practicing the pronunciation of Chinese characters.This method is of a country-specific nature.In addition,although the editor did not directly introduce or explain the tone sandhi of “Yi,Bu”,through inductive analysis of the tones marked,the editor had already noticed the issue of the tone sandhi of “Yi,Bu” and marked it.The law of tone sandhi is basically the same as that of modern Chinese Mandarin.The vocabulary part contains a large number of Beijing Mandarin er-words and colloquial words,highlighting the basic characteristics of the target language.In order to enhance the practicality of the teaching materials,the editors also set up a large number of commercial words and communicative cultural words.The conversation part mainly focuses on business trade topics and daily life topics.It also contains a variety of functional items,which is very helpful for learners to conduct conversations in business in China.In terms of the principles of compiling textbooks,“Huayu Kuibu” adheres to the basic principles of pertinence,practicability and scientificity,so it has won the love of learners.There are three main features of “Huayu Kuibu”: one is that the vocabulary is arranged in the form of “synonymous clusters”;the other is that the conversation is written in a contextual contrast;and the third is that part of the conversation is developed around the communicative object.The writing experience of “Huayu Kuibu” can provide some enlightenment for the current textbook compilation of Chinese as a foreign language: compile a Chinese vocabulary list according to the "sense type method" to provide convenience for learners to practice intensive vocabulary;conversation writing should highlight the characteristics of the communicative object and help Learners establish the correct “object awareness” to make communication more appropriate;pay attention to the authenticity of textbook materials to ensure the practicality of communication;write moral education content based on learners’ characteristics to promote the overall development of Chinese learners.