A Research On Antonymous Morphemic Compounding Words In Teaching Chinese As A Foreign Language

Antonymous morphemic compounding words,in the short form as "antonym",mainly include two monosyllabic morphemes with opposite or opposite meanings,based on which the corresponding parallel compound words are formed.Its word forming morpheme belongs to high-frequency morpheme,which has strong word forming ability.The anti compound word formed by it has distinct characteristics and is widely used.However,it is a difficult point for foreign students to acquire anti compound words.Foreign students often have trouble because they can’t understand the order of anti compound morphemes and the meaning of anti compound words;At the same time,the current research on antonyms mostly focuses on ontology,while the research on the direction of teaching Chinese as a foreign language is weak.Therefore,we select the outline of Chinese level vocabulary and Chinese character level as the research case,select 62 anti compound words to carry out follow-up research,and make a specific discussion from three aspects: the influencing factors of anti compound morpheme order,the anti compound words with the dual phenomenon of positive and negative morpheme order,and the word meaning types of anti compound words.Combined with questionnaires and interviews,this paper investigates the acquisition of antonyms by foreign students in the advanced stage and the teaching of Chinese as a foreign language teachers,and puts forward targeted teaching and acquisition suggestions from three aspects: textbook arrangement,teachers’ teaching and students’ acquisition.The main contents of this paper include:Chapter one: introduction.This paper mainly introduces the research background and significance of this paper,and combs the research status from two aspects: the ontology research of antonyms and the research of teaching Chinese as a foreign language.It is determined that the research object of this paper is all the antonyms in the outline of Chinese level vocabulary and Chinese character level,a total of 62.In addition,it also introduces the theoretical basis,research methods and corpus sources of the subject.Chapter two: the investigation of morpheme order and word meaning types of antonyms,which provides theoretical support for the questionnaire design and interview in the third chapter.Specifically,from the perspective of iconicity,we will explore the influence of meaning factors on the single morpheme order of antonyms（except for the antonyms with the contradiction of positive and negative morpheme order）,and come to the conclusion that the vast majority of antonyms in the outline are affected by language iconicity,among which attribute iconicity and order iconicity have the greatest influence on antonyms;From the perspective of word meaning,grammatical function and pragmatics,we also explore the two groups of antonyms with ambiguous morpheme order of "intercourse","intercourse","brother" and "brother".The main differences between the two groups of antonyms are pragmatics and frequency of use;We also explored from the perspective of word meaning types,and found that the number of antonyms belonging to morpheme joint semantic type is the most,the number of antonyms belonging to morpheme partial semantic type is the least,and the antonyms of morpheme extended semantic type can belong to the first two word meaning types at the same time,which is the embodiment of antonym etymological meaning in extended semantic type.Chapter three: the investigation of the acquisition and teaching of antonyms.Through the form of questionnaire survey,this paper investigates the judgment of advanced foreign students on the arrangement order of morphemes in the internal word formation of anti compound words,the understanding of the meaning of anti compound words,and the discrimination of anti compound words with the phenomenon of dichotomy of positive and negative morpheme order.It is concluded that the biggest difficulty for foreign students to acquire anti compound words is to understand the meaning of anti compound words and analyze the difficulties.At the same time,we also conducted teacher interviews to provide ideas for the teaching suggestions in Chapter IV.Chapter four: suggestions on the teaching and acquisition of antonyms in TCFL.According to the analysis and summary of the survey and interview results in Chapter III,this paper puts forward targeted teaching and acquisition suggestions from three aspects: textbook arrangement,teachers’ teaching and students’ learning.In the arrangement of teaching materials,the specific suggestions are as follows:（1）improve the storage of new words and improve the repetition rate of anti compound words;（2）Supplement the definitions of relevant new words and add targeted exercises.In Teachers’ teaching,the specific suggestions are as follows:（1）morpheme method is the main teaching method of anti compound words,supplemented by whole word method teaching;（2）Combined with the context,the network model teaching of antonyms is carried out.In terms of students’ acquisition,the specific suggestions are as follows:（1）foreign students should actively summarize and sort out antonyms and strengthen the cultivation of Chinese cultural thinking;（2）Foreign students should make full use of the language environment and strengthen relevant communication practice.