Studies On Some Issues Of The War Of Gaolouzhai In Late Qing Dynasty

The Battle of Gaolouzhai in Shandong Province in the fourth year of Tongzhi in the late Qing Dynasty(1865)was an important turning point in the war history between Qing Army and Nian Army.This war not only changed the personnel policy of the Qing government,but also decided the future direction of the Nian army.therefore,it is of certain academic significance for the modern history of China and the research of the history of farmer war in the late Qing Dynasty to study the issues of the battle of Gaolouzhai arefully and specifically.In this master’thesis,using the archival historical documents of the Qing Government’srepression of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom(Qingzhengfu zhenya taipingtianguo danganshiliao),the document of the two dynasties under the reign of xianfeng Emperor and tongzhi Emperor(Xianfeng tongzhi liangchaoshangyudang),the imperial plan to suppress the Nian bandits(Qinding jiaopingnianfei fanglüe)and the real records of Emperor Muzong of Qing Dynasty(Qingmuzongshilu),etc.and other ancient books.It makes a systematic and thematic study of some issues involved in the battle of Gaolouzhai.In addition to the introduction and references,the main body consists of three chapters.The first chapter briefly describes the historical background of the Battle of Gaolouzhai,combing the reorganization of the Nian army and the general situation of the early battles.The second chapter analyzes the historical facts and discusses the location of the battle,the military deployment and the reasons for the defeat of the Qing army.The third chapter puts forward the view that battle of Gaolouzhai was the turning point of the personnel policy of the Qing government,analyzes the policy change of the Qing government from attaching importance to the Manchu and Mongolian aristocrats to using the Han bureaucrats,and discusses the three years’ change of the Nian army and its collapse after the battle of Gaolouzhai and the deeds of Zeng Guofan and Li Hongzhang to exterminate the Nian army.