Research On Affecting Factors Of Pilot Safety Performance And Factors’ Mechanism

Currently,unsafe incidents caused by the crew human factors have become frequently,directly affecting flight safety.Improved regulations,increased penalties,strengthened education and training and other general methods are used to manage pilot performance as common methods The management lacks pertinence and results are poor,and the reduction rate of unsafe incidents has not yet been greatly improved.A systematic and scientific analysis of affecting factors of pilot safety performance and its mechanism are conducive to find ou the critical nodes and criticalpaths,strengthen the pertinence of performance as well as efficiency,make it more scientific and reasonable while making decisions.Based on the process and characteristics of flight operation,it concludes the affecting factors for pilot safety performance in civil aviation,combining with literature,and revises the affecting factors through expert interviews and factor analysis.Finally,three types of affecting factors of pilot safety performance are obtained: Individual characteristic factors,work factors,organizational management factors.Among them,individual characteristic factors include risk tolerance,cognitive ability,safety attitude,flight style,flight fatigue,flight knowledge and skills;work factors include cockpit environment,cockpit interface layout,flight operation procedures;organizational management factors include education and training,rewards and punishments,safety atmosphere,leadership style,communication,crew coordination.Through literature research,relevant civil aviation regulations and performance management work research,five safety performance indicators based on the type of event result are determined,including speed deviation event,posture deviation event,altitude deviation event,configuration deviation event and load deviation event.On the basis of the above,a hypothetical model of the factors affecting pilot safety performance is established,and the structural equation model is used to verify and correct each hypothetical relationship and determine the mechanism of factors.The results show that:(1)Safety attitude,cognitive ability,flight style,flight knowledge and skills have incredibly negative effect on the five types of events;Risk tolerance and flight fatigue have a incredibly positive effect on the five types of events.Flight knowledge and skills is the key affecting factors of speed deviation events;flight style is the key affecting factor of posture deviation events;cognitive ability is the key affecting factor of altitude deviation events;risk tolerance is the key affecting factor of configuration deviation events;flight fatigue is the key affecting factor of the load deviation event;(2)Cockpit Interface layout and flight operation procedures have incredibly negative effect on five types of events;Cockpit environment has incredibly positive effect on five types of events.Cockpit interface layout is the key affecting factors of speed deviation events;flight operation procedure is the key affecting factor of posture deviation events;flight operation procedure is the key affecting factor of altitude deviation events;cockpit environment is the key affecting factor of configuration deviation events;cockpit interface layout is the key affecting factor of the load deviation event;(3)Safety atmosphere,education and training,leadership style,reward and punishment,communication,and crew coordination have incredibly positive effect on five types of events.Reward and punishment is the key affecting factors of speed deviation events;crew coordination is the key affecting factor of posture deviation events;communication is the key affecting factor of altitude deviation events;leadership style is the key affecting factor of configuration deviation events;education and trainig is the key affecting factor of the load deviation event;...