| The rapid advancement of industrialization and urbanization has promoted the rapid growth of China’s economy.However,the linear growth mode of high input and high emission has led to a severe environmental pollution situation in China,and the air pollution represented by smog has become increasingly prominent,threatening people’s livelihood and ecological civilization construction.Science and technology innovation is the driving force for the high-quality development of China’s economy and the strategic support for the construction of ecological civilization.The Fifth Plenary Session of the 19th CPC Central Committee established the core position of innovation,and the guidance of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment pointed out that"promoting major scientific and technological innovation and engineering demonstration".The impact of technological innovation on the ecological environment has gradually become an important issue affecting China’s sustainable development.We should clarify the influence mechanism of technological innovation and air quality,and promote the green emission reduction effect of technological innovation.Based on the theoretical basis of technological innovation,regional sustainable development and human-land relationship,the temporal and spatial evolution characteristics of urban technological innovation and air quality in China are analyzed by Gini coefficient,coefficient of variation and Moran index.Construct the framework of influencing factors of urban air quality from the perspective of"nature+humanity",and focus on exploring the mechanism and path of technological innovation’s impact on air quality by combining fixed stochastic model and intermediary effect model;Finally,from the perspective of giving full play to the driving role of technological innovation,some countermeasures and suggestions are put forward to improve air quality.The main conclusions are as follows:（1）From the perspective of the temporal and spatial evolution characteristics of technological innovation,the technological innovation level of 286 cities and cities in China in2004-2018 showed an overall improvement trend,with the average annual patent grant increasing from 434.562 to 7,995.423.Technological innovation level is characterized by significant coastal-inland spatial differentiation,and its spatial distribution is extremely uneven.The degree of spatial differentiation first expands and then decreases,and Moran index fluctuates from 0.143 to 0.239.China’s technological innovation as a whole shows positive spatial agglomeration characteristics.According to the temporal and spatial evolution characteristics of air quality,the urban air quality in China showed a fluctuating upward trend,with the concentration of PM2.5 decreasing from 39.592μg/m3 to 31.955μg/m3,the air pollution being reduced by 19.29%,and the air pollution grade structure being significantly optimized.Taking the Hu Huanyong Line as the boundary between east and west and the Yangtze River as the boundary between north and south,the spatial difference of urban air quality and pollution integration in China are obvious.The Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei urban agglomeration and the Central Plains urban agglomeration have always been high-value areas of air pollution,and the air quality of Chengdu-Chongqing urban agglomeration and the southeast coast has been significantly optimized.Gini coefficient and coefficient of variation generally showed a fluctuating downward trend,Moran’I index showed a fluctuating increasing trend,and the pollution agglomeration characteristics continued to strengthen.（2）There is a significant negative correlation between technological innovation and urban air pollution,with an impact coefficient of-0.0168,which indicates that technological innovation is conducive to improving urban air quality.The results of intermediary effect test show that technological innovation is positively related to urban air quality with or without intermediary variables,and both industrial structure and energy efficiency have passed the significance test of intermediary effect.It shows that technological innovation can reduce urban air pollution through the effect of green technological progress,and can also exert emission reduction effect through the intermediate path of technological innovation-industrial upgrading-air quality optimization and technological innovation-energy efficiency improvement-air quality optimization,thus effectively improving urban air quality.Among the control variables,annual precipitation,annual average wind speed,topographic relief,vegetation coverage,industrial upgrading,energy efficiency and environmental regulation are negatively correlated with PM2.5concentration,while annual average temperature,annual average air pressure,population density and road mileage per unit area are positively correlated with PM2.5 concentration,and there is an inverted"U"relationship between per capita GDP and PM2.5 concentration.（3）The effect of technological innovation on air quality in different regions is heterogeneous.From the perspective of heterogeneity between the north and the south,the technological innovation in the north and the south has significantly reduced air pollution,and the influence coefficient and significance of technological innovation on air control in the south are lower than those in the north.From the perspective of heterogeneity of economic zones,the influence coefficients of technological innovation in the eastern and central regions are-0.1438and-0.1264 at 1%confidence level,respectively,while the western and northeast regions fail the significance test.From the perspective of the heterogeneity of urban development types,the air treatment effect of technological innovation is as follows:industrial city>resource city>central city.From the perspective of time heterogeneity,with the introduction of the Air Pollution Prevention and Control Plan as the node,the air treatment effect after the introduction of the Plan is more remarkable than before.Finally,aiming at the problems of insufficient research and development of key technologies,low conversion rate of innovation achievements and large regional innovation gap in China’s current technological innovation level,some countermeasures and suggestions are put forward from the perspectives of deepening innovation-driven strategy,strengthening top-level design of technological innovation,focusing on innovation needs of key industries,accelerating the transformation and application of innovation achievements,implementing differentiated innovation policies,and strengthening regional technological innovation links.Air pollution is affected by both natural environment and human activities.In a short time scale,the changes of natural elements are small,and economic and social factors have an important impact on the changes of air quality.Based on the research and analysis of the space-time evolution of urban technological innovation and air quality in China,the framework of influencing factors of urban air quality is constructed by integrating natural and socio-economic factors,and the influence mechanism and driving differences of technological innovation on air quality are deeply explored.The possible innovations are as follows:First,this study focuses on technological innovation,which is a key factor supporting high-quality economic development and environmental governance,and explores whether technological innovation is conducive to alleviating air pollution.By verifying the two intermediary paths of technological innovation-industrial structure-air quality and technological innovation-energy efficiency-air quality,the transmission mechanism and path of urban technological innovation affecting air quality are clarified.Secondly,further highlight the research on the spatial difference of the influence of technological innovation on air quality,and systematically analyze the driving difference of technological innovation on urban air quality from the heterogeneity angles of the south and the north,four economic zones,different urban development types（resource-based,industrial and central,etc.）and different time periods before and after the introduction of the Air Pollution Prevention Plan. |
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