| As a representative inland river economic belt in my country,the Yangtze River Economic Belt occupies an important position in the construction of ecological civilization in China.As an economic zone with developed economy,dense population and fragile ecological environment,how can it achieve high-quality economic and social development while maintaining high-quality development?The"two-carbon" goal is one of the important issues it faces at this stage.As the carrier of human activities,the development of human society is inseparable from the development and utilization of land.At the same time,land is an important resource for maintaining the carbon balance of the ecosystem.Therefore,incorporating carbon emissions into the regional land use efficiency evaluation system and evaluating land use from an environmental perspective plays an important role in balancing the relationship between the ecological environment and economic development in the region.This study selected land use carbon emissions of 11 provinces and cities in the Yangtze River Economic Belt from 2000 to 2019 as the research object,analyzed the characteristics of regional land use change based on land use remote sensing data,calculated the net land use carbon emissions of each province and city in the region,and included them into the land use efficiency evaluation system.The direction distance function and common frontier model were used to evaluate the carbon emission efficiency and technological difference of land use among provinces and cities.The spatial and temporal evolution characteristics of carbon emission efficiency and its influencing factors were explored by exploratory spatial data analysis and Tobit regression model.The main conclusions are as follows:(1)From the perspective of land use change and land use carbon emissions,from 2000 to 2019,the regional land use carbon emissions showed an upward trend,of which the construction land carbon emissions increased from 5.62 × 104 million tons in 2000 to 13.35×104 million tons in 2019,the average land carbon emission intensity increased from 1.52 × 104 t/km2 to 1.96 x 104 t/km2,indicating that construction land is the main carbon source in the Yangtze River Economic Belt;from the perspective of carbon sinks,forest land is the largest carbon sink,and the land average The carbon absorption intensity was 137.17×104 t/km2,followed by grassland,with an average ground carbon absorption intensity of 7.7 t/km2.(2)The results of land use efficiency under the influence of carbon emissions show that,under the common frontier,the average land use carbon emission efficiency of the Yangtze River Economic Belt is 0.6112,and the efficiency value from high to low is:downstream region>middle region>upstream region;At the group front,the average land use carbon emission efficiency is 0.8783,and the efficiency value from high to low is:middle reaches>upper reaches>lower reaches.From the common technology rate,the results in the upstream,midstream and downstream regions are 0.4957,0.6129 and 1,respectively;From the perspective of provinces and cities,only Shanghai’s land use carbon emission efficiency value reaches 1 under the two front surfaces,which is the only effective decision-making unit in the region.These results indicate that the downstream region represents the best technology level of the Yangtze River Economic Belt,and Shanghai has the best land use situation and resource technology level among the 11 provinces and cities.But generally speaking,the land use level in the Yangtze River Economic Belt is low,and the land use pattern and resource allocation need to be improved,especially in the middle and upper reaches of the Yangtze River Economic Belt.(3)The temporal and spatial evolution of land use carbon emission efficiency shows that:in terms of time,the land use carbon emission efficiency of the Yangtze River Economic Belt was in a continuous downward trend from 2000 to 2010,and the regional efficiency began to gradually increase after 2010.From the perspective of spatial distribution,the provinces with high efficiency in land use carbon emissions during the study period were more concentrated in the downstream areas.In addition,from the results of spatial autocorrelation analysis,there is a significant positive spatial correlation in the research time period of the Yangtze River Economic Belt;from the results of local spatial autocorrelation,the lower reaches of the Yangtze River Economic Belt show obvious high-efficiency aggregation,while the upstream areas show more Inefficient aggregation indicates that there is a strong path dependence in the land use process considering economic and environmental benefits,and the land resource allocation in the downstream area is better and more stable than that in the upstream area.(4)The analysis results of influencing factors show that the influencing factors of land use carbon emission efficiency are scale dependent:from the overall perspective of the Yangtze River Economic Belt,the level of economic development has a significant positive impact on regional land use carbon emission efficiency,while the level of urbanization and industrial structure have a significant negative impact.From different regions,the level of urbanization and science and technology have a significant impact on the efficiency of the downstream region,while the efficiency of the middle region is only significantly affected by the level of urbanization,while the intensity of environmental regulation,the level of economic development and the level of urbanization in the upstream region have a significant impact on efficiency.From the provincial perspective,the influencing factors selected in this study have no significant impact on Shanghai and Hubei.Jiangsu and Sichuan are significantly affected by the level of science and technology,economic development,urbanization and industrial structure.Zhejiang is significantly affected by the level of industrial structure.Anhui province is significantly affected by the level of urbanization;Jiangxi province is significantly affected by the level of science and technology,economic development and urbanization.Hunan and Guizhou are more significantly affected by the level of economic development,urbanization and industrial structure.Yunnan is significantly affected by the level of economic development and urbanization.Therefore,adding carbon emissions as an unintended output in the evaluation of land use efficiency can fully measure the land resource allocation and the gap of related resource technologies among provinces and cities in the Yangtze River Economic Belt under the dual carbon target.At the same time,the analysis of the influencing factors of efficiency can provide theoretical support for provinces and cities to formulate policies to improve the carbon emission efficiency of land use,which is also of great significance for realizing regional efficient land use and ecological sustainable development of current economic society. |
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