Study On Pesticide Residues And Risk Assessment In Storage And Transportation Of Four Fruits In Liaoning Province

Pesticide residues have become an important hazard to the quality and safety of fruits,and pesticide residues in the storage and transportation of fruits are directly related to the safety of consumers.In this paper,the special fruits in Liaoning(strawberries and grapes)and major exotic tropical fruits(bananas and mangoes)were taken as the research objects.The pesticide residue detection items of the above four fruits in storage and transportation were established by literature review,standard search and farmers’ field research.The collected three hundred and thirty-two samples in Liaoning were tested for pesticide residues using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry,liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry,etc.Based on the analysis of the test results,health hazard analyses including chronic and acute dietary intake risks and safety indices were performed for the above four fruit pesticide residues.(1)A total of eighty-five batches of strawberry samples were collected and fifty-seven batches of pesticide residues were detected.Fourteen risk factors were identified,including pyrimethanil,allyl morpholine,carbendazim,pyrimethanil and carbendazim hydrochloride,tebuconazole,propiconazole,ethyl doxorubicin and erythromycin.No pesticides banned by the Ministry of Agriculture were detected in strawberries as a whole,and no chemical exceedances were observed.The dietary intake risk and the overall hazard level of pesticide residues were low.Further research revealed that five pesticides detected,such as mildew and mildew hydrochloride,were specified in the national standards at unlimited values,and eight pesticides,such as enemorpholine,were not registered for use.(2)One hundred between one hundred and eleven batches of grape samples had chemicals detected,with a detection rate of over ninety percent and seventeen risk factors identified.The highest detection rate of enoylmorpholine was about 69.09%.Although more types of chemicals were detected,all samples detected did not exceed the standard and no pesticides prohibited or restricted by the Ministry of Agriculture were detected.Five pesticides,including propiconazole,were not registered for use.The overall risk of dietary intake and pesticide residues is low and there is no potential hazard to human health.(3)Sixty batches of banana samples were collected,forty-nine batches of pesticide residues were detected,involving fifteen kinds of chemicals,with a failure rate of five percent.The problematic pesticides in excess of the standard were imidacloprid and chlorothalonil.Calculated and analysed its dietary intake risk is low,food safety index maximum,the overall hazard level value of pesticide residues is less than one,no significant risk to human health.Three pesticides,including enemorpholine,were detected at unlimited values in national standards,and seven pesticides,including enemorpholine,were not registered for use.(4)Seventy-seven batches of mangoes were collected,fifty-four batches of pesticide residue samples were detected and seventeen chemicals were used,with a failure rate of one point eighty-five per cent.The exceeded item was pyraclofos-methyl,and the prohibited pesticides methamidophos and insecticide were detected.The dietary intake risk of mangoes and the overall hazard level of pesticide residues were calculated and analysed,and the maximum value of food safety index and the overall hazard value of pesticide residues were less than one,with no risk to human health.Seven pesticides,including propiconazole,were detected at unlimited values in the national standards,and 10 pesticides,including enemorpholine,were not registered for use.