Study On Risk Assessment And Removal Measures Of Pesticide Residues In Xinjiang Jujube

Jujube producing areas are mainly concentrated in Xinjiang,Shaanxi,Shanxi,Hebei,Shandong,Henan and other places.With the increasing production of jujube in Xinjiang year by year,the safety problem of jujube has been paid more and more attention.Among the many factors affecting the food security of agricultural products,pesticide residue is one of the most important factors.Pesticide residues pose a long-term threat to food safety,not only can reduce the quality of food,but also threaten human health.As trace pesticide residues will have adverse effects on children’s neural development,solving the problem of pesticide residue is imminent.Therefore,the purpose of this study is to evaluate the safety level and hazard grade of different varieties of jujube(including dried and fresh jujube),and identify the high-risk pesticide types of jujube.For high and medium risk pesticides,pesticide residues are soaked in clean water,hot water and salt water in order to find the suitable cleaning methods to guide people to clean jujube daily.Through physical(ultrasonic,ultraviolet)and chemical(ozone fumigation,SNP)treatment of jujube,effective pesticide residue removal measures are screened,which provide theoretical support and practical guidance for the green and healthy development of jujube in Xinjiang.The research results are as follows:(1)Dietary risk assessment and sequencing of psticide residue detection in jujubeA total of 16 pesticides were detected in 85 samples of red jujube,and the detection rate and types of pesticide residues were different for different varieties of red jujube.The detection rate of pesticide residues in winter jujube was 93.33%,and 15 types of pesticides were detected,which was significantly higher than the detection rate and types of pesticide residues in Hui jujube and Jun jujube.The risk of chronic and acute dietary intake of pesticides detected in red jujube was far less than 100%,which was within an acceptable range.The high risk pesticides in winter jujube are methaminoavermectin benzoate and medium risk pesticides were pyridaben,bifenthrin,phoxim,acetamiprid,and fenpropathrin.The risk pesticides in Hui jujube and Jun jujube are phoxim probromophos,and acetamiprid.There are high and medium risk samplesin winter jujube samples,while Hui jujube and Jun jujube samples are medium and low risk samples.The overall quality and safety status of Xinjiang red jujube is good,but the overall risk of pesticide residues in winter jujube is relatively high,which should be paid more attention.(2)Removal of pesticide residues in jujube by domestic treatmentAmong the cleaning methods for removing residual acetamiprid from winter jujube,soaking in hot water for 15 minutes had the best removal effect,with a removal rate of 60.39%;Soaking in clean water for15 minutes had the best removal effect on pesticides such as fenpropathrin,pyridaben,and bifenthrin,with removal rates of 37.99%,39.80%,and 49.31%,respectively.Among the cleaning methods for removing pesticide residues in Jun jujube,soaking in hot water for15 minutes had the best removal effect on imidacloprid and probromophos,with removal rates of 71.60%and 51.84%,respectively;Among the cleaning methods for removing residual phoxim in Jun jujube,soaking in salt water for 15 minutes had the best removal effect,with a removal rate of 44.89%.Among the cleaning methods for removing residual acetamiprid from Hui jujube,soaking in hot water for 20 minutes had the best removal effect,with a removal rate of 70.36%;Among the cleaning methods for removing residual phoxim in Hui jujube,soaking in salt water for 10 minutes had the best removal effect,with a removal rate of 43.87%.(3)Removal of pesticide residues in jujube by physical and chemical treatmentUltrasonic soaking for 20 minutes showed the best removal effect on pesticides acetamiprid and probromophos,with removal rates of 79.51% and 50.95%,respectively.For the pesticide phoxim,UV irradiation for 3.5 hours has the best removal effect,with a removal rate of 73.55%.For the pesticide methylaminoavermectin benzoate,the best removal effect was achieved after 3 hours of UV irradiation,with a removal rate of 57.96%.