Regional Differences And Influencing Factors Of Eco-efficiency Of Cultivated Land Use In The Yangtze River Economic Belt

Cultivated land resources are the main carrier for the production of agricultural products,as well as an important guarantee for national food security,people’s living stability and economic development.The Yangtze River Basin has unique conditions for agricultural production.It accounts for 22% of the country’s arable land and supplies 33% of the country’s grain,contributing to national food security.With the rapid development of urbanization and industrialization,problems such as sharp reduction of cultivated land area,deterioration of quality,transfer of production factors,and ecological environment pollution have also arisen.The Central Committee of the Communist Party of China has put forward new arrangements for the construction of ecological civilization in the Yangtze River Economic Belt,with the core principle of "jointly grasping major protection and not engaging in large-scale development",and focusing on building the Yangtze River Economic Belt into a national demonstration belt of ecological civilization.The efficiency of cultivated land use in the economic zone puts forward higher requirements.However,the traditional cultivated land use efficiency is only based on agricultural economic growth,ignoring environmental benefits,and fails to accurately reflect the actual situation of cultivated land use.In the long run,it will pose a serious threat to the sustainable use of cultivated land.Therefore,it is necessary to explore the level of cultivated land use in the Yangtze River Economic Belt under environmental constraints.This paper discusses the regional differences and influencing factors of the ecological efficiency of cultivated land use in the Yangtze River Economic Belt from2007 to 2019.Firstly,based on the connotation of eco-efficiency and the production characteristics of cultivated land,define the connotation of eco-efficiency of cultivated land use;secondly,construct its index system from the three dimensions of resource-environment-economy;then,based on the SBM-DEA model,GML index,Theil index and Marko Chain,comprehensively and systematically analyzes the ecological efficiency of cultivated land use in the Yangtze River Economic Belt from three aspects: static,dynamic and regional differences;thirdly,it uses the spatial econometric model to study the driving factors of the ecological efficiency of cultivated land use in the Yangtze River Economic Belt;finally,in order to promote the efficient and low-carbon utilization of cultivated land in the Yangtze River Economic Belt,corresponding policy suggestions are put forward.The research conclusions are as follows:(1)From a static point of view,the overall ecological efficiency of cultivated land use in the Yangtze River Economic Belt is just at a moderate level,with significant differences at different scales,and there is still room for improvement of20.2%.At basin level,the average annual cultivated land use ecological efficiency is in the middle reaches > downstream areas > upstream areas;At provincial and city level,the cultivated land use ecological efficiency has obvious regional differences and spatial agglomeration characteristics,and the high efficiency is concentrated in the Yangtze River Economic Belt.In the central and eastern regions,low efficiency is concentrated in the southwest-southeast region of the Yangtze River Economic Belt;In addition,the ecological efficiency loss of cultivated land use in the Yangtze River Economic Belt is mainly caused by the redundancy of cultivated land input and undesired output,among which the degree of redundancy of agricultural film and pesticides Highest.(2)From a dynamic point of view,the GML index decomposition results show that technological progress has the most significant effect on the ecological efficiency of cultivated land use in the Yangtze River Economic Belt,while technical efficiency still has a certain room for improvement.At basin level,the average annual GML index changes as upstream area > downstream area > midstream area;At provincial and city level,the GML index of Yunnan increased by 19.31% annually,while the GML index of Hunan increased by 2.59%,indicating that the ecological efficiency of cultivated land use varies significantly between cities.(3)In terms of regional differences,regional differences in the eco-efficiency of cultivated land use in the Yangtze River Economic Belt exist and show an“M-shaped” fluctuation trend,and the differences are mainly due to intra-group differences.The difference within the group is expressed as the gap between upstream cities > the gap between downstream cities > the gap between mid-stream cities,but as time goes on,the gap between upstream cities narrows and the gap between middle and lower cities expands.According to the analysis of Markov chain,it can be seen that the ecological efficiency of cultivated land use in the Yangtze River Economic Belt maintains the status quo,and the transfer is mainly concentrated between adjacent grades,and the possibility of leapfrog transfer is extremely low.(4)In terms of spatial effect,the ecological efficiency of cultivated land use in the Yangtze River Economic Belt has a significant spatial effect,and the correlation is gradually increased.From the decomposition results of the spatial Dubin model,the multiple cropping index,planting structure,industrialization level,urban-rural income gap and human capital have a significant positive impact on the ecological efficiency of local cultivated land use.The planting structure and human capital have a significant promoting effect on the ecological efficiency of cultivated land use in the surrounding areas,and the average sown area per labor has a significant inhibitory effect on the ecological efficiency of cultivated land use in the adjacent areas.