| With the rapid development of the economy and the rapid advancement of urbanization and industrialization,people consume a large amount of energy.Carbon dioxide causes global climate change,such as global temperature rise.China is committed to achieving carbon peak by 2030 and carbon neutralization by 2060.In order to maintain economic growth and achieve the "dual carbon" goal as scheduled,it has proved to be a promising path to improve carbon emission efficiency.The Northeast Industrial Base is highly dependent on resources,so it has been required to carry out industrial transformation and upgrading in recent years with the gradual depletion of natural resources.The carbon emissions of different industries are different.The northeast industrial base is highly dependent on resources.In recent years,due to the gradual depletion of natural resources,industrial transformation and upgrading have become imminent.Therefore,clarifying the spatial and temporal characteristics of carbon emission efficiency in the three provinces of Northeast China and exploring the effect of carbon emission reduction in the process of industrial transformation and upgrading are of great theoretical and practical significance to revitalize the northeast old industrial base,achieve the dual-carbon goal and realize the sustainable development of industrial transformation and upgrading under the constraint of carbon emission efficiency.Firstly,the nighttime light index is used to calculate the carbon emissions of cities at prefecture level in the three provinces of Northeast China,and the carbon emission efficiency is calculated based on the super-efficiency SBM model.Combined with geographical methods such as Moran index,LISA time path and LISA spatio-temporal transition,the spatio-temporal variation characteristics of carbon emission efficiency in cities at prefecture level in the three provinces of Northeast China are excavated.Then,the upgrading of industrial structure,the rationalization of industrial structure and the diversification of industrial structure are calculated,and the spatio-temporal characteristics of industrial transformation and upgrading in the three provinces of Northeast China are discussed.Finally,the impact of industrial transformation and upgrading process on carbon emission efficiency is explored with the econometric model,and the coupling coordination relationship between carbon emission efficiency and industrial transformation and upgrading is explored through the coupling coordination model.The results show that:(1)From the change characteristics of time series,the carbon emission efficiency of the three provinces of Northeast China as a whole showed a trend of first decreasing,then rising and then decreasing slowly.In 2020,the carbon emission efficiency increased by 8.23% compared with 2012,and reached the highest value in 2015,with an average of 0.692.The carbon emission efficiency of Heilongjiang Province and Liaoning Province increased in a fluctuating manner,and the initial value of carbon emission efficiency of most cities in Jilin Province was higher,but then decreased sharply.At present,Heilongjiang Province has achieved remarkable results in emission reduction,while Jilin Province has a more promising space to improve carbon emission efficiency.In terms of the characteristics of spatial change,the spatial distribution of carbon emission efficiency in the three provinces of Northeast China is significantly unbalanced and varies greatly,gradually changing from the middle high and four low to the "high-low-high" spatial characteristics from northeast to southwest.The local spatial structure has the characteristics of dynamic,volatility and integration,the spatial position stability of carbon emission efficiency of each city decreases,and the characteristics of path dependence and locking increasingly weaken.(2)From the change characteristics of time series,the time change trend of the three indicators of industrial transformation and upgrading in the three provinces of Northeast China is more complex.On the whole,the advanced level of industrial structure has gradually increased,reaching the highest level of 1.944 in 2019.The level of rationalization of industrial structure first rose,then remained stable,and then decreased sharply,reaching the highest level of 0.156 in 2018.The diversification of industrial structure shows a "W"-shaped trend of first decline,then rise,then decline and then rise,reaching the highest level of 0.985 in 2016.In terms of spatial change characteristics,the spatial distribution pattern of the three indicators of industrial transformation and upgrading in the three provinces of Northeast China has spatial heterogeneity.The advanced level of industrial structure in 2016 shows the spatial characteristics of "high-low-high" from north to south,and "high in the north and low in the south" in other years.The rationalization level of industrial structure shows the spatial characteristics of "high-low-high" from north to south in 2012,and "high in the north and low in the south" in other years.In general,the spatial pattern of industrial structure diversification in the three provinces of Northeast China is relatively stable.(3)According to the analysis of the influence of carbon emission efficiency in the process of industrial transformation and upgrading,on the whole,the advanced level of industrial structure has a significant inhibitory effect on carbon emission efficiency,the rationalization level of industrial structure has a negative effect on carbon emission efficiency,but the effect is not significant,and the diversification of industrial structure has a significant promoting effect on carbon emission efficiency.Specifically,for Liaoning Province,industrial transformation and upgrading suppresses the improvement of carbon emission efficiency;for Jilin Province,industrial transformation and upgrading promotes the improvement of carbon emission efficiency;for Heilongjiang Province,industrial transformation and upgrading has little impact on carbon emission efficiency.There are obvious regional differences in the impact of each control variable on carbon emission efficiency.(4)There is an interactive relationship between carbon emission efficiency and industrial transformation and upgrading in the three provinces of Northeast China,and the development types of different cities are different.The coupling coordination degree between carbon emission efficiency and the advanced level of industrial structure is relatively low.at present,most of the coordinated cities are "carbon emission efficiency lag" type,and most of the maladjusted cities are "industrial structure advanced level lag" type.The coupling coordination degree of carbon emission efficiency,industrial structure rationalization level and industrial structure diversification level is relatively high,and most cities are "carbon emission efficiency lagging" type. |
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