Research On Efficiency Of Manufacturing Industry And Typical Iron And Steel Enterprise Based On Multi-factor Evaluation Method

As one of the largest countries with sound industrial systems in the world,China is a major emitter of greenhouse gases.In order to achieve low carbon development of a long-term national strategy,industrial greenhouse gas emissions analysis is critical.As the pillar in the China’s industry,the manufacturing industry has made great contributions to Chinese technology advance and economic development.Recently,it has become the primary difficulty and challenge how to implement the green development strategy in manufacturing under the pressure of global warming and environmental pollution.At present,China’s crude steel production tops all over the world.Iron and steel enterprises are typical representatives of manufacturing industry,with complex production processes,high energy consumption and large environmental pollution.The measure is used to the efficiency of steel enterprises including energy,resources,economy and environment,has important theoretical and practical significance for the sustainable development of steel enterprises.This study evaluated the greenhouse gas emission efficiency of the 26 sectors in China’s manufacturing industry from 2000 to 2016 and analyzed the influencing factors based on the stochastic frontier analysis and the "true" random effects model.In addition,the Kendall rank correlation analysis was used to estimate the correlation between greenhouse gas emission efficiency(GHG efficiency)and its determinants and other factors in various industries.The study found that the greenhouse gas emission efficiency of ferrous metal smelting and rolling processing industry is at a low level comparing other manufacturing industries.Subsequently,the comprehensive production efficiency(CPE)of typical "A" steel enterprises was deeply studied based on the super-efficiency data envelopment analysis method from 2015.01 to 2018.12,and it was analyzed from three aspects:energy structure,product structure and production conditions.The results show that there has little potential to improve GHG efficiency,then technology progress is necessary.The GHG efficiency performance responds both to changes in the proportion of net electricity use and the ratio of electricity price to coal price;meanwhile the technology capacity also has a positive impact.Besides,three main proxies of GHG intensity,energy efficiency and energy intensity have their own significance respectively,but could not represent GHG efficiency.The CPE of "A" steel enterprise fluctuated significantly within the study interval.The results of factor analysis are as follows:In terms of energy structure,all three coals are inversely proportional to efficiency,but the absolute values of correlation coefficients are thermal coal,clean coal and coal injection in order of small to large;in terms of product structure,The proportion of production of hot rolling process has a positive impact on efficiency;in terms of production conditions,the pellet ratio in blast furnace and crude steel output are positively correlated with CPE.Finally,suggestions for improvement are proposed based on the empirical research results.