Research On Rural Sewage Treatment In Shanghai Chongming District

Since the 19 th National Congress of the Communist Party of China(CPC),the central government has taken rural sewage treatment as an important step to improve the living environment in rural areas,and has formulated a series of policy documents.However,in the specific practice of rural domestic sewage treatment around the country,there are still some problems,such as unclear standards,unscientific objectives,numerous management subjects,unreliable technology,poor quality,slow operation and maintenance,old-fashioned ideas of the masses,resulting in the slow and disorderly work of rural domestic sewage treatment.Shanghai Chongming District mainly focuses on agricultural production and ecological conservation.Due to the poor financial resources of Chongming,the treatment rate of rural domestic sewage was only 16% in 2015.Since 2017,to highlight the demonstration of ecological construction of Chongming World-class Ecological Island,the Shanghai Municipal Government has provided a special policy of 90% of the project funds to support the construction of rural domestic sewage treatment facilities in Chongming,and put forward the goal of achieving 100% treatment rate by2020.Under the strong policy incentive,Chongming anchors the highest standard,selects advanced technology,and comprehensively organizes and mobilizes,striving to achieve full coverage of rural domestic sewage treatment in the shortest time.But in the process of policy implementation,there existed some problems,such as excessive policy goals,serious lag in progress,and frequent occurrence of construction management chaos,non-ideal management effect,inadequate operation maintenance and administration,which was once listed as the key rectification matter by the Central Environmental Protection Inspector,Shanghai Environmental Protection Inspector and Shanghai Municipal Party Committee Inspection.Finally,all rectification matters were completed by the end of 2021.Domestic and foreign research on the treatment of rural domestic sewage is mostly discussed from the perspective of treatment technology and engineering technology.There are still few cases of such research from the perspective of public policy implementation.This research starts from the current situation of rural domestic sewage treatment in Chongming,summarizes the experience and outstanding problems in the process of policy implementation in Chongming on the basis of comb and analysis of the relevant policy systems of the central and Shanghai government,and takes the Meter-Horn system model as the analysis framework.This research further discusses the causes and mechanisms of related problems from the aspects of policy standards and objectives,policy resources,inter-organizational communication and strengthening measures,characteristics of executive agencies,economic,social and political conditions,and executive personnel tendencies,and then puts forward improvement plans.For the first time,the Meter-Horn system model is applied to the research of rural domestic sewage treatment.Different from other researches that mostly take less developed areas with weak financial resources as analysis samples,this research selects Shanghai Chongming District with relatively abundant governance funds as the research object,which is innovative to some extent.It is found that Chongming District has provided useful practical experience in policy implementation preparation,policy element guarantee and policy process coordination.However,Chongming District was too eager in setting policy goals,and demanded the highest technological standards and implemented the full coverage construction of rural domestic sewage treatment facilities through Campaign-style Governance in the absence of strong planning and design schemes and reliable discharge standards,which ultimately led to the deviation of the policy implementation effect.From the perspective of the logic of government behavior in policy implementation,the policy implementation process of Chongming District is influenced not only by the factors of distortion of government behavior caused by the imbalance of transfer payment mechanism,but also reflects some characteristics of administrative subcontract and official promotion tournament.From the perspective of the factors of policy implementation,Chongming District also has some problems,such as selective use of policy tools,low level of leading institutions,misplaced functions of executing agencies,high pressure on operation and maintenance funds,low professional level of personnel,and more emphasis on project construction but lower on system governance.From the perspective of the external factors of policy implementation,imperfect legal system,disconnection between the supply and demand of rural public goods,conservative concept of rural people,lack of social pluralistic governance mechanism and other obstacles also led to the deviation of the policy implementation effect of Chongming District.According to the research,rural domestic sewage treatment should follow the principles of adjusting measures to local conditions,scientific planning,equal emphasis on construction and management,and systematic treatment.According to the rural economic conditions,environmental foundation and sewage situation,and on the basis of respecting farmers’ living habits,the sewage treatment technology with reasonable model,mature process,and low cost should be adopted,and attention should be paid to the operation and maintenance of facilities and the diversified participation in the treatment process.