Study On Green Total Factor Productivity And Its Influencing Factors In Major Grain-producing Areas Of China

Ensuring food security has become an important part of the country’s development strategy.The Report to the Party’s 20 th National Congress clearly lays out a strategic plan to consolidate the foundation of food security in all aspects,so as to keep the rice bowl firmly in our own hands.The main grain-producing areas in China consist of 13 provinces,whose grain output accounts for more than 75% of China’s total grain output.The development quality of grain industry in grain-producing areas is of great significance to the transformation and development of China’s grain industry.How to reduce the negative impact on the environment while realizing the increase of grain production is a key issue in the transformation and development of grain industry and the realization of green grain production.Green total factor productivity not only takes into account grain output,but also takes into account the impact on the environment in the production process,so it becomes an important indicator to measure the level of green development of the grain industry.The improvement of green total factor productivity of grain is of great significance for the realization of green and high-quality transformation and upgrading of grain industry.In this paper,the development situation of the grain industry in major grain-producing areas was studied from several aspects,such as the development environment of the grain industry,the change of the total amount of grain and the factors of production.The grain production environment includes three aspects : natural environment analysis,economic and social environment analysis and policy environment analysis.The analysis of grain production factors includes the analysis of the input of labor,land,pesticides,fertilizers,agricultural film and other means of production in the process of grain production,so as to further understand the current situation of grain production in major grain-producing areas,without laying a foundation for the construction of the measurement system of green grain total factor productivity.Based on the relevant data of 13 provinces in China’s major grain-producing areas from 2006 to 2020,this paper takes the total carbon emissions in the grain production process as the undesired output in the model,and uses the SBM-GML index model as a tool to measure and decompose the grain GTFP of the whole major grain-producing areas and 13 provinces.From the perspective of time and space,the results show that:from 2006 to 2020,the efficiency of green technology and traditional technology in the main grain-producing areas showed a trend of fluctuation rise,and the efficiency of green technology was lower than that of traditional technology;In the time dimension,GTFP in major grain producing areas showed an upward trend,and the promotion effect of technical efficiency was greater than that of technological progress.From the spatial dimension,the grain GTFP of the major grain producing areas in the other 12 provinces except Jilin Province showed an upward trend from 2006 to 2020.At the regional level,the grain GTFP of the major grain producing areas in the east,middle and west showed an upward trend,and the changes were highly consistent;The difference among groups was the main reason that the GTFP of grain in main producing areas had a difference.In this paper,the Tobit model is used to analyze the factors affecting grain GTFP in major grain producing areas,and the following conclusions are obtained : Five variables,namely agricultural structure,urbanization level,economic development level,disaster disaster level and environmental regulation level,have significant impacts on grain green total factor productivity,among which agricultural industry structure,economic development level and environmental regulation level have significant positive impacts,while urbanization level and disaster disaster level have significant negative impacts.Based on the above conclusions,countermeasures and suggestions were put forward to improve the technological innovation and promotion system,formulate development policies according to local conditions,increase financial support,improve disaster risk prevention and control mechanism,and guide green grain production,so as to promote the growth of grain GTFP in major grain-producing areas.