Temporal And Spatial Characteristics Of Greenhouse Gas Emissions From Sheep Farming In Shandong Province

In recent years,with the large amount of greenhouse gas emissions,the trend of global warming is increasingly obvious,and gradually become a major problem restricting human development.China’s current annual carbon dioxide emissions are around 10 billion tons,about a quarter of the global total emissions,of which agriculture is the second largest source of greenhouse gas emissions.According to the Worldwatch Institute’s 2009 Livestock and Climate Change report,livestock has become a major source of greenhouse gas emissions.Shandong is a major province of animal husbandry in China,and sheep farming industry is an important part of animal husbandry in this province.Its greenhouse gas emissions are increasing year by year,but the spatio-temporal characteristics of emissions and influencing factors have not been thoroughly studied.The purpose of this study is to conduct an in-depth study on greenhouse gas emissions from sheep farming in Shandong Province.Starting from two dimensions of temporal and spatial characteristics and influencing factors,this study analyzes the emission status and its causes,explores emission reduction measures,and provides scientific basis for the sustainable development of sheep farming in Shandong Province.The main research results are as follows:（1）According to the greenhouse gas emission calculation formula of sheep farming in Shandong Province:From 2001 to 2021,the total greenhouse gas emissions from sheep farming in Shandong Province were 1,574,300 tons,1,771,100 tons,1,29,500 tons,2,046,900 tons,2,201,300 tons,1,978,400 tons,1,277,800 tons,1,796,600 tons,1,783,800 tons and 181 tons,respectively.790,000 tons,1,875,800 tons,1,919,800 tons,1,883,800 tons,1,801,100 tons,1,663,600 tons,1,869,500 tons,1,734,200 tons,1,649,100 tons,1,464,000 tons,1,719,900 tons.（2）The spatio-temporal evolution of greenhouse gas emissions during the whole life cycle of sheep farming in Shandong Province showed that:From 2001 to 2021,CO₂ equivalent emissions in the whole life cycle and each link of sheep farming in Shandong Province showed a slow downward trend.From 2021,CO₂ equivalent emissions in the whole life cycle of sheep farming in Shandong Province began to rise to a certain extent,and corresponding measures should be taken to control its growth trend.The average CO₂ equivalent emission ratio e_fe of sheep feed grain planting and e_sp of mutton slaughtering and processing were 37.45%and45.46%,respectively.It can be seen that sheep feed grain planting and mutton slaughtering and processing are the main sources of greenhouse gas emissions.It is far higher than the four major links of sheep intestinal fermentation,manure management system,sheep feeding energy consumption and sheep feed and grain transportation and processing.（3）Through the analysis of Arc GIS software,the greenhouse gas emissions of Heze City and Jining City accounted for 36.36%of the total proportion of the province,accounting for more than one third of the province.The greenhouse gas emissions from sheep farming in 16prefecture-level cities were significant,and the CO₂ equivalent emissions from Heze,Linyi and Jining ranked the first three in Shandong Province.（4）The greenhouse gas emissions of sheep farming in Shandong Province were affected by the scale of sheep farming,the treatment of sheep manure,feed types and feeding methods,and meteorological factors.The effect of sheep farming scale on greenhouse gas emissions was mainly reflected in the amount of manure and disposal method.To solve these problems,we can reduce the emissions of greenhouse gases and protect the environment by promoting the semi-cage-free way and establishing facilities for the disposal of feces.Through comparative analysis of the effects of surface composting,deep composting and mixed composting on greenhouse gas emissions,the selection of appropriate composting can effectively reduce greenhouse gas emissions and improve the environmental benefits of sheep breeding.Feed types and feeding methods have direct and important effects on greenhouse gas emissions of sheep breeding.In order to reduce greenhouse gas emissions,it is important to choose a diet with a reasonable nutritional composition and combine it with the best feeding practices.In the actual breeding process,it is necessary to pay attention to the influence of meteorological factors,scientific and reasonable breeding management,reduce greenhouse gas emissions,promote environmental protection and sustainable development.In summary,LCA and Arc GIS methods were used to calculate and analyze the greenhouse gas emissions of sheep farming in Shandong Province from 2001 to 2021,and it was found that the greenhouse gas emissions showed a rising trend in 2021.Therefore,it was proposed to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by changing the breeding methods,recycling sheep manure,optimizing feed types,strengthening environmental protection policies,and strengthening publicity,training and education.Establish environmental protection awareness,vigorously promote the construction of carbon trading platform and other countermeasures and suggestions.