Ecological Restoration Zoning And Governance Based On Ecological Security Pattern Construction

With the rapid development of social economy and the continuous acceleration of urbanization,problems such as the decline of regional ecological functions and the tension between people and land have become increasingly prominent,and the ecological security of land space is facing great challenges.The ecological protection and restoration of land space is the cornerstone of building ecological civilization and an important strategy for maintaining national ecological security.Land space ecological restoration governance is an effective means to ensure the ecological security of land space,and clarifying the ecological restoration zoning of land space is the premise of ecological restoration governance.The construction of ecological security pattern can provide technical support for the ecological restoration zoning of land space,the systematic restoration of various elements and the construction of urban ecological security,and is the basis for promoting the goal of ecological restoration.Taking Yongchang County of Jinchang City as an example,this paper comprehensively screens the ecological source areas,identifies ecological corridors,grip points,obstacle areas and other elements based on MSPA,minimum cumulative resistance model and other methods,constructs the ecological security pattern of Yongchang County,carries out ecological restoration zoning of the county,and proposes a zoning restoration and governance project,aiming to provide reference for the ecological restoration work of Yongchang County.The main conclusions are as follows:(1)Through the construction of the ecological security pattern of Yongchang County,45 ecological source areas were identified,with a total area of 147451.44 hm~2.The high-resistance areas are concentrated in the eastern part of the county,and the low-resistance areas are concentrated in the southern and western parts of the county.There are 34 key ecological corridors,mainly distributed in the eastern part of the county;There are 44important ecological corridors and 22 general ecological corridors respectively,distributed in the western and southern regions of the county.There are a total of 128ecological sandwich points,mainly distributed around ecological sources and key ecological corridors.A total of 549 high obstacle areas were identified,mainly in the eastern part of the county.There are 30 low-barrier areas,most of which are clustered in the northern grasslands.In some areas of Yongchang County,there are obvious ecological source fragmentation,too narrow corridors,and relatively large resistance.The distribution of ecological barrier areas indicates that there are more areas affecting the integrity of ecosystem structure,function and process in the county,indicating that there is still room for further development and improvement of the county ecosystem,and the protection and restoration of these areas improves the stability and integrity of the ecosystem in Yongchang County,and provides favorable support for the ecological security of the county.(2)Normalize ecological pinch points,obstacle areas and ecological resistance surfaces respectively,and on the basis of ensuring the retention of ecological source areas,use the natural breakpoint method to restore and grade the land space through the method of"zoning index+factor superposition",and then fully consider the boundary and geographical environment characteristics of the natural village in Yongchang County,coordinate the functional integrity of the ecosystem structure,the continuity of geographical units,the zoning of ecological functions,and the zoning of watershed units,etc,determine the ecological restoration pattern of Yongchang County,and build"three corridors and five districts and multiple source areas"The overall pattern of ecological protection and restoration.The"three corridors"are the Xidahe Ecological Corridor,the G312 Ecological Corridor and the Lanxin Railway Ecological Corridor;The"five zones"refer to the Longshou Mountain Ecological Protection and Control Area in the north,the Yanzhishan Ecological Protection and Control Area in the west,the living environment improvement area in the central oasis,the water conservation and restoration area of Qilian Mountain in the south,and the windbreak and sand fixation ecological restoration area in the north;"Multi-source areas"refer to areas with high habitat quality such as Qilian Mountain National Nature Reserve in Gansu,Gansu Province Area of Qilian Mountain National Park,and Beihaizi National Wetland Park.(3)The area of Longshou Mountain Ecological Protection Control Area in the north is 120219.69 hm~2,and the main restoration direction is to alleviate the contradiction between ecological land and unused land.The area of Yanzhishan Ecological Protection Control Area in the west is 52317.85 hm~2,and the main restoration direction is to protect the grassland ecosystem and carry out comprehensive farmland improvement of the cultivated land ecosystem.The area of the central oasis human settlement environment improvement area is 137971.85 hm~2,and the direction of ecological protection and restoration is to coordinate the contradiction between farmland and grassland and other ecological lands,and improve the quality of human settlement environment in urban ecosystems.The area of water conservation and restoration area in southern Qilian Mountains is 80160.51hm~2,and its ecological protection and restoration direction is to improve the stability of woodland grassland ecosystem.The area of the northern windbreak and sand fixation ecological restoration area is 59948.96hm~2,and the restoration direction is to improve the vegetation coverage and soil conservation rate,and improve the ability of windbreak and sand fixation.(4)A total of 9 major projects and 30 sub-projects have been deployed in the five major ecological restoration areas.The two major ecological protection control areas of Longshou Mountain in the north and Yanzhishan in the west focus on ecological land conservation,and implement four major projects:ecological protection and governance of Longshou Mountain in the north,agricultural product protection in the north,ecological protection and management of Yanzhishan in the west and comprehensive agricultural improvement in the west.The Central Oasis Human Settlement Environment Improvement Zone focuses on improving the quality of the living environment and promoting the coordination of human-land relations in the Oasis District,and implements major projects of ecological protection and comprehensive treatment and major projects of comprehensive improvement of agriculture and rural areas;The southern Qilian Mountain Water Source Conservation and Restoration Area focuses on improving habitat quality,and implements major projects of ecological restoration and biodiversity conservation in the Qilian Mountains;The northern windbreak and sand fixation ecological restoration area focuses on stabilizing the ecosystem structure and improving the ability of windbreak and sand fixation,implementing the windbreak and sand fixation ecological restoration project focusing on enhancing the water and soil conservation capacity and improving the quality of grassland,and the comprehensive agricultural improvement project in northeast China focusing on improving the quality of cultivated land.To implement ecological restoration governance,it is necessary to adhere to the concept of"landscape,water,forest,lake,grass and sand"life community,build a land space ecological restoration governance system of"monitoring and early warning-quantitative assessment-experimental demonstration-dynamic supervision",realize the hierarchical and precise management of ecological restoration zoning,and promote the implementation of ecological restoration.