| With the rapid development of regional social economy and the continuous acceleration of urbanization,the intensified human activities have posed a huge threat to natural resources and the ecological environment,and a series of ecological and environmental problems such as ecosystem degradation and decline in resource carrying capacity have emerged.The ecological restoration of land space in the new era has become a major strategic demand for the construction of ecological civilization in our country,and how to implement reasonable development,protection and restoration of land space has become an important scientific problem that must be faced jointly and solved urgently.Due to the characteristics of karst area prone to dissolution,slow soil formation,shallow and complex stratification,and low water storage capacity,it is difficult for regional vegetation to grow and the ecological environment is relatively fragile.Guizhou Province is a typical karst area in our country,with many plateaus and mountains in the region,and prominent ecological and environmental problems such as soil erosion and rocky desertification;it is an important ecological barrier for the two river basins,and its ecological functions are important.Therefore,it is extremely important to carry out research and implementation related to ecological environmental protection restoration.This paper is based on the data of DEM,NDVI,NPP,land cover,temperature,rainfall,soil,lithology,GDP,population density,energy conservation and environmental protection expenditure of districts and counties in Guizhou Province.Based on the two research paradigms for the construction of the ecological security pattern of“pressure-state-potential”and“source-resistance-corridor”,the regional town-scale and patch-scale ecological security patterns were constructed through models and methods such as AHP,Z-Score standardization,minimum cumulative resistance model,and circuit theory.From this,the division of types and identification of obstacle areas for the ecological restoration of territorial space in Guizhou Province was carried out,and the key areas for ecological restoration of territorial space in Guizhou Province were obtained after superposition analysis.The main findings are as follows:（1）According to the evaluation results of the ecological security pattern at the township scale in Guizhou Province based on the“pressure-state-potential”model,it can be concluded that the ecosystem pressure in the study area is mainly in the low-value area,while the distribution of high-value area is less,and the spatial distribution is significantly different.The distribution of ecosystem state and ecosystem pressure is different.There are fewer high-value areas and low-value areas in the state,but the spatial differences are also significant.In addition,compared with the high-value areas of pressure and state,the distribution of high-value areas of ecosystem restoration potential is very small,accounting for only 0.05%of the total area of the study area,and concentrated in Guiyang City;while the distribution of low-value areas is relatively large,mainly located in the study area.southern and northern regions of the region.（2）According to the results of the patch-scale ecological security pattern in Guizhou Province based on the evaluation of the“source-resistance surface-corridor”model,590 ecological sources were identified in the study area,covering an area of 33,821.53 km~2.The distribution areas in Qiandongnan Prefecture and Qiannan Prefecture are more,and the number and area distribution of primary,secondary and tertiary ecological sources are quite different.The calculation results of the ecological comprehensive resistance surface are between 0.35 and96.27,and the high resistance areas are mainly distributed in the prefecture-level cities and their surrounding areas as well as the high-altitude areas in the west of the study area.A total of 1,680ecological corridors with a length of 40,237.91km have been constructed,including 90 first-level ecological corridors with a total length of5,072.64km,209 second-level ecological corridors with a total length of8,675.92km,and 1,381 third-level ecological corridors with a total length of 26,489.35km.The most distributed in Qiandongnan Prefecture,the least distributed in Liupanshui City,Guiyang City and Anshun City.（3）According to the ecological security pattern at the township scale,eight types of land space ecological restoration are divided.Among them,the ecological priority protection area is the most widely distributed,with a distribution area of 56,652.53 km~2,followed by the ecological independent protection area,the key ecological governance control area,the governance regulation area and the ecological restoration area,while the ecological improvement area,the ecological priority improvement area and the ecological key restoration area are less distributed;and the regional positioning,ecological environment and development characteristics of different subregions are significantly different.Spatially,there are many restoration areas in Guiyang,Anshun and Liupanshui,while ecological protection areas are mainly distributed in Qiandongnan Prefecture,Qiannan Prefecture and Zunyi City.Among different landform types,the distribution of governance and restoration areas in karst areas is much larger than that in non-karst areas,and the ecological autonomous reserves and ecological priority reserves in non-karst areas are larger than those in karst areas.（4）Through the patch-scale ecological security pattern,the land space ecological restoration obstacle areas in the study area are identified.A total of 2901 ecological obstacle areas need to be restored,with a distribution area of 3886.86km~2,among them,there are more distributions in Bijie City,Zunyi City,Liupanshui City,Guiyang City and Qiannan Prefecture.The land-use types in the ecological barrier area are mainly forest land and cultivated land,and the distribution of water areas and unused land is very small;the restoration measures of different land-use types are different,but they can be implemented in coordination with each other to optimize the restoration effect.In addition,the restoration work should also pay attention to the natural attributes and ecological maintenance functions of the landscape type,so as to combine prevention and management with restoration.（5）More ecological sources and ecological corridors are distributed in ecological priority protected areas and ecological autonomous protected areas,and more ecological barrier areas are distributed in ecological restoration areas.On the whole,the identification results of the land space ecological restoration zoning and the the land space ecological restoration obstacle area are well coupled.Finally,a key area of 1543.02 km~2 was identified for ecological restoration,which was distributed in 434 towns.Spatially,there were fewer distributions in the eastern,southern and northern regions,and relatively more in the central and western regions.Carrying out research at different scales can improve the implementation efficiency of ecological restoration work in territorial space,and make related work more scientific,accurate and targeted. |
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