Driving Factors And Industrial Path Analysis Of China’s Water Footprint And Carbon Footprint

China is the largest developing country and the second largest economy in the world,and its economic growth rate has remained at a high level for many years.However,with the rapid development of economy,it also brings about problems such as over-consumption of resources and environmental pollution,among which water resource conservation and carbon emission control are particularly prominent.Based on the footprint theory,this paper statically analyzes the actual situation of China’s water footprint and carbon footprint from 2007 to 2017 by constructing an input-output model,and identifies the impacts of high water/carbon footprint sectors and key final demand.In order to further analyze the influencing factors leading to the increase and decrease trend of China’s water footprint and carbon footprint around 2012,the key socio-economic factors and industrial paths were identified from the perspective of dynamic changes by constructing a structural decomposition analysis model and introducing a structural path decomposition model.The results show that during 2007-2017,China’s water footprint showed an "inverted U-shaped" change,and China’s carbon footprint showed a rapid growth before 2012 and a slow growth after 2012.The decoupling analysis of China’s economy from water footprint and carbon footprint shows that China’s economy is strongly decoupled from water footprint and weakly decoupled from carbon footprint."Gross capital formation" and "urban residents’ consumption" are the main demand categories that affect China’s water footprint and carbon footprint.The environmental pressure of most industrial sectors comes from the economic activities of their upstream sectors."Agriculture,forestry,animal husbandry and fishery products and services","food and tobacco" and "construction" are the main contributing departments of China’s water footprint in 2017;"Construction" and "Other" are the major contributors to China’s carbon footprint in 2017.The "per capita final demand effect" is the main driving factor leading to the increase of China’s water footprint and carbon footprint in 2007-2012,and "agriculture,forestry,animal husbandry and fishery products and services → total capital formation/household consumption/export" and "nonmetallic mineral manufacturing → construction → total capital formation" are the key paths that affect the changes of water footprint and carbon footprint in this period.The weakening of"per capita final demand effect"is the main reason for the decrease of water footprint in2012-2017.The slowdown of carbon footprint growth in 2012-2017 is caused by the strengthening of"direct carbon emission intensity effect","industrial structure effect"and the weakening of"per capita final demand effect"."Agriculture,forestry,animal husbandry and fishery products and services→total capital investment/household consumption/government consumption","metal smelting and rolling processing products→construction industry→total capital formation"and"metal smelting and rolling processing industry→general special equipment manufacturing industry→total capital formation"are the key paths that affect the changes of water footprint and carbon footprint in this period.In the aspect of collaborative governance,the governance of industrial path"food and tobacco industry→residents’consumption"should pay attention to the monitoring of path carbon footprint,and realize water resources governance under low-carbon conditions.In the management of the industrial path"construction industry→gross capital formation",we should pay attention to the monitoring of water consumption in the path,and realize the carbon emission control under the condition of low water consumption.Therefore,this paper thinks that we should evaluate China’s water resources and carbon emissions from the perspective of "footprint",and pay attention to the environmental monitoring of key departments and industrial routes.Implement the responsibility system of demand and environment,and guide water-saving and low-carbon consumption.Promote the disclosure of carbon emission data of the tertiary industry sector,and pay attention to the collaborative management of "water saving and emission reduction".Finally,it is hoped that the research in this paper can provide some reference and help for the future management of "water saving and emission reduction" in China.