Temporal And Spatial Pattern And Structure Decomposition Of SO₂ Emissions Transfer In Central China Based On Interregional Input And Output

With China’s economic development entering the "new normal" and the implementation of the new development concept,various regions pay special attention to environmental issues in the process of development and have formulated different pollution emission control measures.However,due to the differences in actual development between regions,different emission thresholds have emerged among regions.However,the production and consumption of products across regions lead to the hidden emission transfer between regions.The existing data show that the pollution emission level and economic development level between different regions in China are obviously mismatched,and even there is the "pollution haven effect" between different regions within the country.Trade and industry transfer between the state and national cause of "pollution haven effect" has been confirmed that the powers such as China,trade barriers and obstacles between the inner regions of the country less,regional economic and trade ties between more close and frequent,so the inner regions of the country between the emissions problem is more serious.The problem of environmental externalities is common and complex.How to measure the "externalities" of emissions and the "internalization" of governance are troubling the sustainable and healthy development of the region.In recent years,the research topics of interregional environmental responsibility and equity,regional environmental pollution joint prevention and control are becoming national demands.Region—province is becoming an important administrative unit basis for policy making in China,so the comprehensive relationship between regions and other provinces needs to be included in the research.Based on regional input-output technique,this paper builds the industry links between the production area under the perspective of supply chain,through China’s 30 provinces regional input-output table and the provinces of SO₂ emissions data,the key measures and analyzes the production of the central region under the perspective of supply chain（including Shanxi,Anhui,Henan,Hubei,Hunan,Jiangxi six provinces）in 2007,2010 and 2012 of SO₂ emissions and emissions transfer relationship between with other provinces and the changing situation,From the production end and the consumption end,the composition of SO₂ emissions in the central region,the source and flow direction of the transfer area,the industry composition and the influencing factors of the change are analyzed.The main conclusions are as follows:（1）From the composition of SO₂ emission from the production side in the central region about 70% of the SO₂ emissions are to meet the product demand of the central region,and about 30% of the SO₂ emissions are to meet the product demand of other provinces,that is,the transfer part;During the study period,more than 60% of the transferred SO₂ emissions mainly came from Jiangsu,Zhejiang,Guangdong,Shanghai,Beijing,Shandong,Hebei and other eastern coastal provinces,and were driven by the demand for capital formation products.The transferred part of SO₂ emissions are mainly concentrated in energy-intensive industries such as electric power,thermal power,water gas production and supply,mining,petroleum and chemical industries.（2）From the point of view of SO₂ emission from the consumer side in the central region,the total SO₂ emission from the overall consumer side in the central region is lower than the total SO₂ emission from the production side in the same year.About 71% of SO₂ emission is generated from the demand for products in the central region itself,while 29% of SO₂ emission is generated from the demand for products in other provinces outside the central region.During this period,the SO₂ emission from the central region showed a trend of decreasing first and then increasing.In the early period,the SO₂ emission from the central region was mainly concentrated in coastal provinces such as Guangdong and Jiangsu,and peripheral inland provinces such as Guizhou,Shaanxi and Hebei.However,in 2012,the outgoing areas were mainly concentrated in provinces such as Inner Mongolia,Shaanxi,Hebei,Shandong and Xinjiang,and the outgoing areas moved northward obviously.Some SO₂ emissions transferred out are mainly concentrated in the mining and dressing industry,food manufacturing and tobacco processing industry,petroleum processing and chemical industry,non-metallic mineral products,metal smelting and products industry,electricity,heat and moisture production and supply industry,commerce and transportation industry,etc.（3）From the point of view of the net transfer of SO₂ emissions in the central region,the central region as a whole has been in a net transfer-in state of SO₂ during the study period,while Hubei and Jiangxi have been in a net transfer-out state during some periods.Henan and Shanxi are the main net transfer-in provinces,the main net transfer-in source areas of the central provinces are mainly concentrated in the southeast coastal provinces and Beijing-Tianjin area,while the main net transfer-out flows to the northwest and southwest internal provinces.The net transfer of SO₂ emissions is concentrated in energy-intensive industries such as mining and dressing industry,electricity,heat and water production and supply industry,petroleum and chemical industry,nonmetallic mineral products industry,metal smelting and products industry,while the net transfer of SO₂ emissions is concentrated in industries such as food manufacturing and tobacco processing industry,commerce and transportation industry,other service industries,textile and clothing industry,transportation equipment manufacturing industry,machinery industry,electrical machinery and electronic communication equipment manufacturing industry.（4）The structural decomposition results of emission and transfer changes show that the final demand change is the main factor to promote the increase of SO₂ emission,and the change of SO₂ emission intensity is the most important factor to inhibit SO₂ emission.The contribution of regional industrial structure to SO₂ emission changes is different and weak.（5）Based on the above conclusions,we draw the conclusion that other provinces in our country,especially the eastern coastal provinces,have indirectly transferred a large amount of SO₂ emissions to the central region in the product supply chain,so they should bear appropriate responsibilities for SO₂ emission reduction in the central region,while the central region should also bear corresponding responsibilities for some SO₂ emissions transferred to neighboring provinces and some inland provinces.According to the emission transfer list between regional provinces,corresponding compensation mechanisms for environmental governance should be established to realize the internalization of environmental governance costs and other measures.According to the regional difference of SO₂ emission transfer and the difference of industry emission intensity,efforts should be made to realize the adjustment and optimization of division of labor and cooperation in product production among regions.In particular,attention should be paid to the pressure and potential for emission reduction in electricity,heat,water and gas production and supply industries,mining and dressing industries,petroleum processing and chemical industries,metal smelting and products industries,etc.