Study On The Mechanism Of PI3K/AKT Signaling Pathway Negatively Regulated By PTEN Tumor Suppressor Gene In Colon Cancer

Objective To investigate the expression of PTEN tumor suppressor gene and PI3K/AKT signal pathway in colon cancer and its effect on cancer cells.Thus,it can create new possibilities in gene transcription and gene therapy,provide new ideas for the diagnosis,treatment and new targets of colon cancer.Methods 1.Thirty paraffin-embedded specimens of tissues aged 40–65 years old without distant metastasis after surgical resection in the First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University from September 2019 to September 2021,without receiving chemoradiotherapy before operation and confirmed as colon cancer by pathology were selected as the experimental group and the paired paraffin-embedded specimens of distant cancer tissues more than five centimeters from the edge of cancer tissues and confirmed as negative by pathology were selected as the control group.The expression levels of AKT,p-AKT,and PTEN in colon cancer and distant cancer tissues were determined by immunohistochemistry.2.The cell proliferation experiment CCK-8,the scratch healing experiment and the Transwell experiment verify that the PI3K/AKT pathway in colon cancer cells can inhibit the proliferation and metastasis of cancer cells after being blocked by the AKT inhibitor MK-2206.3.RT-PCR assay is used to detect the m RNA expression levels of AKT and its downstream factors Cyclin D1 and VEGF after the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway is blocked by AKT inhibitor MK-2206.Results 1.AKT and p-AKT were highly expressed in colon cancer tissues and low in distant cancer tissues,with extremely significant differences(P<0.01);PTEN was low expressed in colon cancer tissues and highly expressed in distant cancer tissues,with extremely significant differences(P<0.01);AKT and p-AKT were closely correlated(R=0.545>0.5);AKT,p-AKT and PTEN were closely negatively correlated(R=-0.623,R=-0.534).2.The blocking of PI3K/AKT signaling pathway can inhibit the proliferation rate,migration rate and invasion ability of colon cancer cells.3.Blockade of PI3K/AKT pathway in colon cancer cells can inhibit the m RNA expression of AKT and its downstream factors Cyclin D1 and VEGF.Conclusions 1.The expression of PTEN in colon cancer is negatively correlated with the expression of p-AKT and AKT.2.When the PI3K/AKT pathway was blocked,the proliferation rate,migration rate and invasion ability of colon cancer cells were inhibited,and the m RNA expression of AKT and its downstream factors Cyclin D1 and VEGF decreased.3.There is a negative regulatory relationship between PTEN and PI3K/AKT signaling pathway,which can reduce the expression of AKT,and thus inhibit the malignant biological function of colon cancer.