| Objective:To investigate the status and influencing factors of vitamin D supplementation in children aged 0～6 years in Shandong Province,and to compare the date with that 10 years ago and to analyze the changes in the past ten years.Methods:From January 2021 to November 2021,8 districts in Shandong Province were selected to conduct an on-site questionnaire survey on healthy children aged 0～6 in the vaccination clinics and child care clinics and children aged 3-6 years in some kindergartens(group 2021).The main contents of the self-made questionnaire:demographic information,birth history,child parity,fetal type,feeding method,outdoor activities,family socioeconomic status,application status of children’s vitamin D supplements,parents’knowledge,belief,and behavior of vitamin D,etc.1040questionnaires were distributed and 1026 valid questionnaires were returned.Among the1026 children aged 0～6 years,569(55.5%)were boys and 457(45.5%)were girls,with an average age of(2.82±1.71)years.Collated the survey data into the database,and from November 2010 to January 2011,the Department of Child Health of the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University conducted a survey of 903 cases(2011 group)of vitamin D supplementation in Shandong Province for 0～3 years old,using SSPS21.0 software was used for statistical analysis,and the frequency data were described in percentage(%),The test adoptedχ~2test and Logistic multiple stepwise regression analysis,all of which were significantly different from P<0.05.Results:1.Status of application of vitamin D supplements:980 cases of 1026children who had been supplemented with vitamin D supplements,accounting for 95.5%(980/1026),of which 95.3%(542/569)were boys and 95.8%(438/457)were girls.At the time of the investigation,457 children were still taking it continuously,accounting for46.6%;68 children stopped taking it in summer and autumn,and continued to take it in winter,accounting for 6.9%;198 children took it intermittently,accounting for 20.2%,and 257 children had stopped taking it.accounted for 26.2%.Currently discontinued status:1.4%(3/214)in the 0～<1 year old group,12%(19/158)in the 1 year old～group,29.3%(39/133)in the 2 year old～group,3 year old～The group accounted for 37.3%(59/158),the 4～year-old group accounted for 45.2%(100/221),and the 5～year old group accounted for 38.5%(37/108).2.Influencing factors of the application status of vitamin D supplements:Univariate analysis showed that the application of vitamin D supplements in children was related to factors such as age,region,mother’s education level,father’s education level,total family income level,parents’cognition of vitamin D and other factors;Not related to gender,feeding method,duration of breastfeeding,gestational age,parity,fetal type,season,and time spent outdoors.The results of multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that age,family income and whether parents knew vitamin D were the factors affecting the application of vitamin D supplements(OR=0.676,0.376,0.115).This substance has a high prevalence of vitamin D supplementation in children.3.Comparison of the application status of vitamin D supplements in the 2021 group and the 2011 group:the application rate of vitamin D supplements in the 2021 group aged0～3 years was 97.1%higher than that in the 2011 group,79.6%,and the difference was significant(χ~2=198.99,P=0.000),the application rate of vitamin D supplements in the2021 group was significantly higher than that in the 2011 group in each group of different ages.The starting age of vitamin D application in the 2021 group was 32.3%within 2weeks after birth,32.2%at 2-4 weeks,and 35.4%at>4 weeks.,which was significantly earlier than that of 10 years ago when children applied vitamin D supplements,and there was a significant difference(χ~2=182.12,P=0.000).4.Parents’knowledge,belief,and behavior of vitamin D supplements:91.3%(937/1026)of parents knew about vitamin D;92.3%(947/1026)of parents named at least one disease related to vitamin D deficiency,91.5%(939/1026)of parents believed that vitamin D deficiency could cause musculoskeletal diseases,78.5%(805/1026)of parents believed that rickets were caused by lack of vitamin D in the body;50.7%(520/1026)of parents Do not know foods rich in vitamin D;20.3%(208/1026)of parents knew that vitamin D supplementation should be added within 2 weeks after birth,and 49.2%(505/1026)of parents thought that supplementation should be started after 2 weeks after birth;in In terms of the duration of vitamin D supplementation,29%(289/1026)of parents thought that it should be added until 2 years old,15.9%(163/1026)of parents thought it should be added to kindergarten,16.1%(165/1026)Parents think that it should be added continuously before entering primary school,and 25.4%(261/1026)of parents think that it should be added according to the situation.Reasons why parents chose to use vitamin D supplements:66.4%(651/1026)were recommended by doctors and 25%(245/1026)were at their own discretion.Parents’awareness of the importance of vitamin D supplementation in children:94.5%(969/1026)of parents believe that vitamin D supplementation is important for overall health,and 85.9%(881/1026)believe that vitamin D can prevent diseases such as rickets or the musculoskeletal system.Reasons for children never taking vitamin D supplements:60.9%(28/46)of parents thought that their children were nutritionally balanced and did not need supplementation;36.9%(17/46)were because they did not know to use vitamin D supplements,only 2.2%(1/46)of the children had bad taste.5.Comparison of the knowledge,belief,and behavior of parents in the 2021 group and the 2011 group on vitamin D:91.3%of the parents in the 2021 group knew about vitamin D,which was significantly higher than 83.7%in the 2011 group,with a significant difference(χ~2=25.867,P=0.000);in terms of cognition of the diseases that vitamin D deficiency can cause,92.3%of parents in the 2021 group knew about vitamin D deficiency-related diseases,which was significantly higher than 83.6%in the 2011group(χ~2=34.93,P=0.000).There were significant differences in the cognition of vitamin D deficiency and skeletal muscle system,tumor,cardiovascular disease and respiratory system disease between the two groups of parents(P<0.05).Conclusion:1.Vitamin D supplementation is widely used in children aged 0～6 years in Shandong Province,and the application rate of vitamin D supplementation decreases with the increase of age.Age,total family income and parents’awareness were the main influencing factors for the use of vitamin D supplements.2.Compared with 10 years ago,the application rate of vitamin D supplementation is higher,the age of initiation of vitamin D supplementation is earlier,and parent’s cognition level of vitamin D is improved. |
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