| Objective To explore whether health intervention based on transtheoretical model can improve the self-care level and quality of life of young and middle-aged patients with chronic heart failure.Methods This research adopts the prospective study,using convenience sampling method to select in November 2021 to May 2022 in our hospital cardiovascular internal medicine in the hospital,included in the standard of young and middle-aged,84 cases of patients with chronic heart failure,will be the research object,in accordance with the will be ordered by patients according to the length of hospital stay(1-84),a randomized grouping according to computer generated random number,There were 42 cases in the control group and 42 cases in the experimental group.The control group received routine nursing and education.In the experimental group,on the basis of routine nursing,according to the stage of behavior change,the corresponding stage of education model intervention program was given.The age,gender,cardiac function,living style,comorbidities and other basic data of the two groups were recorded.The self-care index score,6 minute walk test(6MWT)and quality of life scores of the two groups were evaluated on the first day,3 months and 6 months after the intervention.The cases of unplanned readmission and emergency visit in the two groups within 6 months after treatment were statistically analyzed.SPSS26.0 statistical software was used to analyze the collected data and draw the final conclusion.Results At the time of final data collection,3 samples were lost,2 samples were lost in the control group and 1 sample was lost in the experimental group.There was no significant difference in the loss rate between the two groups,and the effective recovery rate was 96%.The collected data were sorted out,and the corresponding database was established for descriptive analysis,t test,J test,etc.1.Comparison of general information between the two groups:there were no significant differences in age,gender,education level,marital status,comorbidities,cardiac function grade,living status,economic status,payment method and other aspects between the two groups(P>0.05),and the baseline data of the two groups were comparable.2.Self-care ability:There was no significant difference in the scores of self-care ability between the two groups before treatment(P>0.05),which could be compared.After 3 months of treatment,the scores of self-care ability of the two groups increased,and the improvement degree of the experimental group was better than that of the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).After 6 months of treatment,the self-care ability score of the experimental group was still better than that of the control group,but the degree of reduction was statistically significant(P>0.05).The intra-group comparison between the two groups at each time point before and after treatment showed a downward trend in self-care ability score,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).3.Cardiac function:Six-minute walk test distance:there was no significant difference in the six-minute walk distance between the two groups before treatment,and the baseline could be compared.By comparing the 6-minute walking distance between the two groups at 6 months after treatment,we found that the distance improvement of the experimental group was significantly better than that of the control group,and there was a statistical difference(P<0.05).4.Minnesota Quality of life score:There was no significant difference in the Minnesota score between the two groups before treatment(P>0.05),which was comparable.After 3 months and 6 months of treatment,the Minnesota quality of life score of the experimental group was significantly higher than that of the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The intra-group comparison between the two groups at each time point before and after treatment showed a downward trend in the Minnesota quality of life score,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).5.Anxiety and depression of patients in the two groups:There was no significant difference in anxiety and depression scores between the two groups before treatment(P>0.05),which was comparable.After 3 months and 6 months of treatment,the anxiety and depression scores of the experimental group were significantly lower than those of the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The intra-group comparison between the two groups at each time point before and after treatment showed a downward trend in anxiety and depression scores,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).6.The readmission rate and incidence of cardiovascular accidents in the two groups:within 6 months after intervention,the readmission rate of the two groups was 8cases(22.9%)in the control group and 2 cases(5.9%)in the experimental group,and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion Our study shows that routine nursing and health education based on transtheoretical model can improve the self-care ability of young and middle-aged patients with chronic heart failure,improve cardiac function,improve the quality of life,improve patients’ anxiety and depression,reduce the rate of unplanned readmission after discharge,However,compared with routine nursing,monophasic nursing,Health intervention based on transtheoretical model can significantly improve the self-care ability and quality of life of young and middle-aged patients with chronic heart failure,reduce the incidence of chronic heart failure accidents and re-hospitalization rate,and improve the effect of health intervention.This health education model can evaluate and predict the behavior change stage of young and middle-aged patients with chronic heart failure.According to the prediction results,the education content of the corresponding stage can improve the effect of health education,and has high safety,which is worthy of further promotion and application in clinical practice. |
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