| Objective:This study uses the Delphi method based on the theory of planned behavior to initially establish a health education program for successful aging of elderly people living in medical-nursing combined institutions,and finally constructs a scientific,reasonable and feasible health education program.The construction of the successful aging education program for the elderly in the combined medical-nursing institutions will provide intervention methods to improve the health literacy of the elderly,strengthen the self-management ability and improve the quality of life,as well as provide a theoretical basis for the development of the “combined medical and nursing”elderly care model.Methods:Qualitative research and Delphi method expert correspondence were used.Subject to the inclusion and exclusion criteria,a purposive sampling method was used to select older adults admitted to medical-nursing combined institutions in Jinan from April to June 2022 for semi-structured interviews.Colaizzi’s seven-step analysis of phenomenological data was used for the analysis.Sixteen experts were selected to conduct two rounds of expert correspondence on the preliminary “Successful Aging Health Education Program for Older Adults in Medical-nursing Combined Institutions”.SPSS 26.0 was used to statistically analyze the results.Results:1 A total of 20 older adults were interviewed.Based on the results of the qualitative study,it was concluded that five themes were summarized among the elderly residents regarding the acceptance of health education for successful aging: attitudes toward successful aging and acceptance of health education,perceived subjective norms and social pressure,perceived benefits of accepting health education,perceived barriers to accepting health education,and health education style and content needs.2 According to the results of Delphi method expert consultation,the “Successful Aging Health Education Program for Older Adults in Medical-nursing Combined Institutions” was constructed after two rounds of expert consultation.After the first round of expert consultation,one primary indicator and one tertiary indicator were combined,two secondary indicators and eight tertiary indicators were modified,one secondary indicator and seven tertiary indicators were added,and three secondary indicators were deleted.After the second round of expert consultation,4 tertiary indicators were modified and 2new tertiary indicators were added.Finally,after the first round of consultation,the expert coordination coefficients of the importance of the first,second and third-level indicators were 0.129,0.162,0.252,and the feasibility ones were 0.070,0.122,0.174.After the second round of consultation,the expert coordination coefficients of the importance of the first,second and third-level indicators were0.122,0.137,0.128,and the feasibility ones were0.159,0.142,and 0.161,and the p-values were all less than 0.05,indicating statistical significance.Four primary indicators,13 secondary indicators,and 37 tertiary indicators were finally determined.Conclusion:1 Based on the contemporaneous quantitative survey,combined with the results of semi-structured interviews,we recognize that the elderly people staying in medical-nursing combined institutions with successful aging and health literacy are at an intermediate level,and generally agree to receive health education on successful aging,but are affected by a variety of barriers such as their own physiological and psychological factors.It suggests that we should focus on education of behavioral attitudes to make them realize the benefits of implementing healthy behaviors for themselves,and give individualized health knowledge and content preaching in combination with support and help from media,medical personnel,relatives and friends,so as to enhance behavioral intention and promote the generation and change of healthy behaviors.To a certain extent,it provides a reference basis for the formation of health programs.2 The health education program for successful aging of elderly people in medical-nursing combined institutions constructed based on the theory of planned behavior is scientific,reliable,necessary and feasible.According to the Delphi method,the 14 experts finally selected are from different fields,covering a wide range and with good representativeness.The experts have good results in terms of positivity,concentration of opinions,coordination and authority.The final results include 4 primary indicators,13 secondary indicators and 37 tertiary indicators including behavioral attitudes,subjective norms,perceptual behavioral control and behavioral intention indicators at all levels,which can improve the reference for exploring care intervention methods that promote the improvement of quality of life and achieve successful aging of elderly people living in medical-nursing combined institutions. |
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