| Objective The purpose of this study was to investigate the current status of aging attitudes and mental health,and to explore the relationship between aging attitudes,subjective well-being,social participation,and mental health.This study aimed to explore the mediating effect of social participation between subjective well-being and attitude to aging in the elderly with hypertension under the ABC-X model.To provide new ideas for promoting the mental health of the elderly with hypertension.To explore the effects of attitudes toward aging,subjective well-being and social participation on mental health in the elderly with hypertension,and to further explore the effects of online focused interventions on the elderly with hypertension.And provide different intervention models for clinical research.Methods Investigation research: From April to September 2021,the sampling strategy incorporated methods of convenience.In Fuxin city,it was used to investigate 437 elderly people with hypertension aged 60 years and olde.According to the general information questionnaire,Attitudes to Aging Questionnaire(AAQ),Memorial University of Newfoundland Scale of Happiness(MUNSH),Social Participation Scale,and Warwick-Edin-burgh Mental Well-being Scale(WEMWBS).SPSS 24.0 and Amos 24.0 were used to analyze the data.Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the basic situation of the elderly with hypertension.Person correlation analysis was used to explore the relationship between attitude to aging,subjective well-being,social participation and mental health.Bootstrap was used to verify the mediating effect of social participation and the path effect on mental health.Intervention study: From October to December 2021,the sampling strategy incorporated methods of convenience.It was used to select the elderly with hypertension in Jinzhou city for an intervention study.A total of 55 elderly people with hypertension were intervened by online focused psychological intervention for 12 weeks.Systolic blood pressure(SBP),diastolic blood pressure(DBP),Attitudes to Aging Questionnaire(AAQ),Memorial University of Newfoundland Scale of Happiness(MUNSH),Social Participation Scale,and Warwick-Edin-burgh Mental Well-being Scale(WEMWBS)were used to assess the variation in physiological and psychological status of the elderly with hypertension before and after intervention.Measurement data were analyzed with SPSS 24.0,including descriptive analysis and t tests.Results1.The total score of aging attitude was(76.30±10.51),the score of psychological gain dimension was(29.39±7.43),the score of psychosocial loss dimension was(16.80±6.47),and the score of physical change dimension was(30.10±7.67).The total score of subjective well-being was(35.84±12.96),the score of positive affect was(7.93±2.74),the score of negative affect dimension was(2.67±3.50),the score of positive experience dimension was(9.86±3.81),and the score of negative experience dimension was(3.28±4.32).The total score of social participation was(28.25±7.36),the score of cultural organization activity dimension was(18.46±5.23),and the score of family personal activity dimension was(9.79±2.74).The total score of mental health was(38.04±10.54).2.There were significant differences in the scores of attitude to aging,subjective well-being among the elderly with hypertension by gender,household registration,age stage,education background,marital status and monthly income(P<0.05).There were statistically significant differences in the social participation,mental health scores of the elderly with hypertension in different gender,household registration,age stage,education background and monthly income(P<0.05).3.Correlation analysis showed that the total score of attitude to aging was positively correlated with the total score of subjective well-being(r=0.610,P<0.05).The total score of attitude to aging was positively correlated with the total score of social participation(r=0.610,P<0.05).The total score of attitude to aging was positively correlated with the total score of mental health(r=0.516,P<0.05).The total score of subjective well-being was positively correlated with the total score of social participation(r=0.437,P<0.05).The total score of subjective well-being was positively correlated with the total score of mental health(r=0.528,P<0.05).The total score of social participation was positively correlated with the total score of mental health(r=0.397,P<0.05).4.AMOS 24.0 software was used to establish the structural equation model and showed that attitudes to aging,subjective well-being,social participation,and mental health were all applicable to the ABC-X model.χ2/df=3.311,RMSEA=0.073,NFI=0.974,CFI=0.981,TLI=0.971,IFI=0.981.Bootstrap test showed that social participation had a partial mediating effect between subjective well-being and aging attitude(P<0.05).The direct effect of subjective well-being on attitude to aging was 0.694,and the indirect effect of social participation was 0.152,and the mediating effect accounted for 17.97% of the total effect.Path analysis showed that aging attitude,subjective well-being and social participation of the elderly with hypertension affected mental health(P<0.05).5.Through the online focused intervention,the elderly with hypertension had statistically significant differences in systolic blood pressure,diastolic blood pressure,aging attitude,subjective well-being,social participation and mental health before and after the intervention(P<0.05).Conclusions1.The elderly with hypertension have a lower level of attitude to aging and mental health.2.Gender,household registration,age,education,and monthly income all had significant differences in attitude to aging and mental health;marital status was found to be associated with different attitudes to aging.3.There is a correlation between attitudes to aging,subjective well-being,social participation and mental health.4.Based on the ABC-X model,social participation has a partial mediating effect between SWB and aging attitude in the elderly with hypertension.Based on the ABC-X model,attitudes toward aging,subjective well-being and social participation affect mental health status in the elderly with hypertension.5.The online focused intervention has a positive effect on the elderly with hypertension. |
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