| Aims:In the context of healthy aging,this study takes the elderly in Changchun community as the research object,investigates and researches their subjective wellbeing and influencing factors,understands the current situation of subjective wellbeing of the elderly,and studies the influencing factors of subjective well-being of the elderly in terms of basic demographic characteristics,physical health,mental health,social participation,social inclusion,etc,and deeply analyzes the interconnection among the influencing factors and the paths of their effects on the subjective well-being of the elderly,so as to provide a realistic basis for improving the subjective well-being of the elderly in the community and provide strategies and suggestions for active aging and healthy aging.Methods:This study used a questionnaire survey method to collect data,using community intercept sampling,and face-to-face in the community by uniformly trained surveyors using a WeChat applet to assist the questionnaire survey to collect information from older adults aged 65 and older.All data were processed and analyzed using SPSS 24.0 software.Categorical and continuous variables were described using composition ratio(%)and mean ± standard deviation(x±s),respectively;T-test and ANOVA were used to explore whether the effect of general sociodemographic information on the subjective well-being of older adults was statistically significant;The structural equation modeling method was used to test and analyze the structural model of subjective well-being,fitness,and path relationships of the elderly.Results:1.After screening,1,866 people were finally included in this study,with a subjective well-being score of 79.8±5.12 among the elderly in Changchun.2.The highest level of subjective well-being(82.06±12.92,P=0.022)was found in the age group above 86 years,and the lowest level of subjective well-being score was found in the age group 65-75 years,and the score tends to increase with age.The level of subjective well-being of older adults also increases with higher income(P<0.001),with the highest score(89.10±8.75)for those with a monthly income greater than 10,000 RMB;In addition,the highest level of subjective well-being(82.62±12.67,P=0.041)was statistically significant among older adults with a bachelor’s degree or higher.In contrast,the effects of gender,ethnicity,whether they lived alone,whether they smoked,whether they drank alcohol,and marital status on subjective well-being were not statistically significant(P>0.05).3.The results of structural equation modeling path analysis showed that psychological health(β=0.357,P<0.001),social inclusion(β=0.171,P<0.001),and physical health(β=0.145,P<0.001)had a direct and significant positive effect on the subjective well-being of older adults and were the key factors that directly affected their subjective well-being.4.The results of the structural equation modeling path analysis showed that social involvement(β=0.36,P=0.122)had a non-significant direct positive effect on subjective well-being of older adults,but social involvement(β=0.115,P<0.001)had a significant positive effect on physical health.5.In addition,the results of the path analysis showed that social inclusion had a significant positive effect on both social participation(β=0.301,P<0.001)and psychological well-being(β=0.148,P<0.001),which indicates that social inclusion not only has a direct effect on the subjective well-being of older adults,but also has a positive effect on social participation and psychological well-being,which in turn indirectly This indicates that social inclusion not only has a direct effect on the subjective well-being of the elderly,but also has a positive effect on social participation and psychological health,which indirectly improves the well-being of the elderly.6.Physiological health(β=0.503,P<0.001)had a significant effect on psychological health,which in turn indirectly enhanced the subjective well-being of older adults by improving psychological health,indicating that physiological health is an important antecedent variable of psychological health and a key factor affecting subjective well-being of older adults.Conclusion:1.The subjective well-being score of the elderly in Changchun is at a high level and has a high sense of well-being.2.Differences in the distribution of subjective well-being levels among people of different ages,different economic incomes and different levels of education.3.Mental health,social inclusion and physical health have direct positive effects on subjective well-being of older people in Changchun,respectively.4.Social inclusion has an indirect positive effect on the subjective well-being of older people in Changchun by positively influencing social participation as well as mental health.5.Physical health can have an indirect positive impact on the well-being of older adults by enhancing mental health.6.Social participation has a significant positive effect on physical health and thus an indirect positive effect on subjective well-being of older adults. |
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