Research On The Realization Path Of Holistic Governance Of Public Health Crisis

From the end of 2019 to the middle of 2020,the novel coronavirus pneumonia epidemic in Wuhan,Hubei Province,was a far-reaching public health crisis.It had a fast spread,wide infections,and was difficult to be controled,which has brought a huge test to Chinese public health emergency management system.During that time,the system had the advantages of quickly stop the local spread of the epidemic,but some shortcomings remained such as the lag of local governments’ response,the lack of governance functions,and the high cost of crisis management and control etc.Some scholars came up with the concept of the holistic governance,for summarizing the advantages of Chinese public health emergency management system and providing solutions for the problems in the governance process.The holistic governance has become a development option for the modernization of public health emergency management systems and capabilities.Starting from the core concept of holistic governance theory,this paper summarizes the specific objectives of Holistic Governance in four aspects: institutional integration,intergovernmental integration,role integration and functional integration,and establishes a target system suitable for the study of public health crisis governance practice.The novel coronavirus pneumonia epidemic situation occurred in Wuhan,Hubei province from December 2019 to September 2020 was analyzed in detail by using the target system.This paper reviews the effectiveness and shortcomings of the case in the process of crisis management.The effectiveness of crisis management is mainly reflected in the period of emergency and recovery.Through the establishment of national headquarters emergency network at all levels,strong direct intervention of the central government,all-round social mobilization and functional integration and dynamic adjustment of governance strategies,crisis governance has basically achieved the overall governance goal.In terms of deficiencies,the problems in the cases studied in this paper focus on the early warning period,but involve the overall situation.They are "the lag of local government organization integration","the central forced leadership after risk diffusion","the participation disorder of emerging subjects under the lack of mechanism" and "the failure of risk control under a single function" Combined with the perspective of crisis characteristics and emergency system,this paper explores the causes of the problems in the practice of public health crisis governance.Finally,this paper puts forward improvement countermeasures in two aspects: emergency system and strategy selection.In terms of the improvement of the emergency system,this paper proposes to establish a dynamically activated emergency command network,clarify the leading role of Municipal Local Governments in crisis disposal,expand the mechanism of multiple subjects participating in crisis governance,and enrich the functional allocation of crisis governance implementation plans in the early warning period.In terms of the strategy selection of governance practice,this paper proposes to pay attention to the governance needs of early warning period,emergency period and recovery period,and carry out overall governance measures based on the reform and experience summary of emergency system.The above two countermeasures together constitute the realization path of the overall governance of public health crisis.