The Influence Of Life Behavior Factors For The Development Of Parkinson’s Disease

Objective: This study aims to explore the association between lifestyle and behavioral factors and the risk of Parkinson’s disease(PD).It ultimately goal of this study is to provide scientific evidence for the development of PD preventive strategies.Methods: This study adopted a prospective cohort study design with data from the UK Biobank.The UK Biobank conducted baseline measurements from 2006 to 2010,and followed up the occurrence of PD through medical and health-related records.Four COX proportional risk regression models were used to analyze the association between lifestyle and behavioral factors and PD incidence.Subgroup analysis was performed based on age,sex,baseline history of hypertension,and baseline history of diabetes.The dose-response relationship between smoking,alcohol consumption,physical activity,sleep duration and PD incidence were further explored using the restricted cubic spline method.Three sensitivity analyses were performed to test the robustness of the results.Result:(1)This study finally included 301,646 participants,with a mean follow-up of 11.5 years.A total of 3,475,353 person-years were observed,and the incidence density of PD was 39.08/100,000 person-years.(2)The results of COX regression analysis showed that current smoking and smoking ≥15 cigarettes/day,current drinking,high-intensity physical activity,and stable and fast walking pace were negatively associated with the incidence of PD;sleep duration ≥9 hours/day,daytime nap were positively associated with the incidence of PD;sedentary behavior,tea consumption,different types of milk,vegetable intake,fruit intake,and chronotype were not statistically associated with the incidence of PD.(3)The results of dose-response relationship analysis showed that there was a linear relationship between physical activity and the incidence of PD,with the increasing of physical activity,the risk of PD showed a downward trend.The overall relationship between alcohol consumption and PD was U-shaped.With the increase of alcohol consumption,the risk of PD showed a trend of decreasing first,followed by increasing.When the alcohol consumption was between 24-33 units/week,the negative correlation between alcohol consumption and the risk of PD reached the strongest.There was a J-shaped relationship between sleep duration and PD occurrence.After sleep duration >8 hours,the risk of PD occurrence increased with the increase of sleep duration.(4)The results of subgroup analysis suggested that vegetable intake showed an opposite direct in effect between men and women,while consistencies were observed for remaining subgroups.Vegetable intake was associated with an increased risk of PD in men while a decreased risk of PD in women.(5)The results of the sensitivity analysis showed that the results of the sensitivity analysis were consistent with the main analysis except for the current smoking and smoking ≥15 cigarettes/day,sometimes have daytime naps,and high-intensity physical activity.Conclusion:(1)The mean follow-up time of this study was 11.5 years,1,358 new cases of PD were diagnosed,and the incidence density of PD was39.08/100,000 person-years.(2)Current drinking,stable and fast walking speed were negatively associated with PD.Sleep duration ≥9 hours/day and have daytime naps frequently increased the risk of PD.No association was found between sedentary behavior,tea consumption,milk type,fruit intake,chronotype and PD.(3)There was a linear relationship between physical activity and PD.The overall relationship between alcohol consumption and PD was U-shaped,while the relationship between daily sleep duration and PD was J-shaped.(4)There was an inverse association between vegetable intake and the risk of PD in men and women.