| Primary hypertension is a cardiovascular disease with elevated arterial pressure in the systemic circulation as the main clinical manifestation.The specific causes are not clear at present.In recent years,the number of patients has gradually increased,especially among middle-aged and elderly people.Therefore,it is particularly important to actively take safe and effective intervention methods to bring patients’ blood pressure to a normal level.At present,drug therapy is still the main treatment measure,the effect is remarkable and rapid,but long-term medication produces obvious adverse reactions,treatment compliance is also greatly reduced.Under the intervention of drug therapy,safe and effective rehabilitation therapy is of great significance in the antihypertensive treatment of patients with essential hypertension.A large number of studies have shown that aerobic exercise can not only effectively improve blood pressure,but also significantly improve their quality of life.Exercise therapy has been increasingly paid attention to in medical treatment.At present,the optimal exercise intensity for patients with hypertension at home and abroad was mainly concentrated at 50%-80% maximum heart rate(HRmax).Continuous aerobic exercise has increasingly become an important measure for the prevention and rehabilitation of many chronic diseases,but the understanding of intermittent exercise is not clear enough.In particular,the therapeutic effect of High intensity interval training(HIIT)on cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases such as hypertension and coronary heart disease and neuroendocrine aspects is still being studied and analyzed.The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect and comparison between high intensity intermittent exercise and low intensity continuous exercise on blood pressure,glucose and lipid metabolism and emotional level in patients with essential hypertension.Objective:Taking patients with essential hypertension as the research object,the comprehensive effects of HIIT and low-intensity continuous exercise on blood pressure,glucose and lipid metabolism and emotional score of patients with essential hypertension were observed and compared under drug therapy and health education.Method:Patients with essential hypertension diagnosed as grade 1 or grade 2hypertension in the outpatient department of our hospital from August 2021 to December 2021 were selected.Subjects meeting the criteria were selected strictly according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria,and randomly divided into HIIT group,low-intensity continuous exercise group and blank control group by the random function method in Excel.All the three groups were given hypertension health education and drug treatment,such as knowledge publicity and diet education guidance,and the subjects were repeatedly told to maintain their current daily activities during the study period and do not do extra exercise,while the control group(n=16)did not receive any exercise intervention measures,and the exercise group on the basis of this treatment management,According to the result of the cardiopulmonary exercise experiment,Maximal oxygen uptake(VO2max)was determined to determine the exercise intensity.In the HIIT group(n=16),the intensity of two exercise was set as 80%VO2max-20%VO2max alternately.In the low-intensity continuous exercise group(n=16),exercise was performed at 40% exercise intensity of VO2 max for 30 minutes each time,and intervention lasted for 8 weeks.Basic data and clinical history of patients were collected at the time of inclusion.24 h Mean systolic blood pressure(m SBP),24 h Mean diastolic blood pressure(m DBP)and Total cholesterol of the three groups before and after intervention were collected Total cholesterol(TC),Triacylglycerol(TG),Fasting blood glucose(FPG),and Glycosylated hemoglobin,Hb A1c),Depression Screening Scale(PHQ-9),and Anxiety Disorder Screening Scale(GAD-7).χ 2 test,t test,one-way analysis of variance,rank sum test and other statistical methods were used to analyze the data.The statistical results indicated that P < 0.05 was statistically significant.Results:A total of 50 subjects were collected in this study,among which 2patients were lost to follow-up,all of which were excluded.The final included cases included 16 cases in the HIIT group,16 cases in the low-intensity continuous exercise group,and 16 cases in the blank control group.All included cases completed intervention and data collection.1.Basic data of patients in the three groupsThere were no statistically significant differences in age,course of disease,body mass index(BMI),gender,smoking history,drinking history and abnormal proportion of Hb A1 c among the three groups,which were comparable.2.Comparison of ambulatory blood pressureBefore intervention,there were no significant differences in 24 h m SBP and 24 h m DBP among the three groups.After intervention,24 h m SBP and24 h m DBP of the three groups were lower than before intervention,and the difference was statistically significant.After intervention,the 24 h m SBP of the three groups was statistically different.The 24 h m SBP of the HIIT group and the low-intensity continuous exercise group was lower than that of the blank control group,and the 24 h m SBP of the HIIT group was significantly lower than that of the low-intensity continuous exercise group.24 h m DBP in the HIIT group was significantly lower than that in the blank control group,with statistical difference,but there was no statistical difference in the degree of blood pressure reduction by 24 h m DBP among the other groups.3.Comparison of glucose and lipid metabolismBefore intervention,there were no significant differences in TC,TG,FPG and Hb A1 c among the three groups.After intervention,TC,TG,FPG and Hb A1 c in blank control group showed no statistical difference compared with before intervention,while TC,TG,FPG and Hb A1 c in HIIT group and low-intensity continuous exercise group were all lower than before,showing statistical difference.After intervention,TC,TG,FPG and Hb A1 c were significantly different among the three groups.The HIIT group and the low-intensity continuous exercise group were significantly lower than the blank control group,and the TC,TG,FPG and Hb A1 c in the HIIT group were significantly lower than the low-intensity continuous exercise group.4.Comparison of anxiety and depression levelsBefore intervention,the average GAD-7 score and PHQ-9 score of the three groups showed no statistical difference.After intervention,GD7 score and PHQ-9 score of HIIT group and low-intensity continuous exercise group were significantly lower than before,and the difference was statistically significant,while there was no significant difference in the blank control group before and after intervention.After intervention,GAD-7 score and PHQ-9 score of HIIT group and low-intensity continuous exercise group were lower than blank control group,the difference was statistically significant,but there was no statistically significant difference between exercise intervention group and two groups.Conclusion:Both HIIT and low-intensity continuous exercise can effectively improve blood pressure,glucose and lipid metabolism,anxiety and depression in patients with essential hypertension,and the intervention effect of HIIT is better than low-intensity continuous exercise. |
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