Depression Literacy And Stigma Of Parents Of Adolescents With Depression And Its Influencing Factors

Objective: To investigate the depression literacy and stigma of parents of adolescents with depression and to analyze the effects on their depression litercay and stigma in terms of factors such as family environment and parenting style.Methods: the general data of 104 participants(54 in the adolescent group and 50 in the corresponding parent group)were collected.The adolescent group was assessed with self-rating depression scale(SDS)and Short-Egma Minnen av Bardndosnauppforstran(S-EMBU).The parents’ group assessed the Depression literacy Questionnaire(D-Lit),the Chinese version of Perceived DevaluationDiscrimination Scale(PDD),The self-Esteem Scale(SES),and Family Environment Scale Chinese Version(FES-CV).SPSS 26.0 software was used for t-test,F-test,Pearson correlation analysis,Spearman correlation analysis and multiple stepwise linear regression to analyze the influencing factors of depression literacy and stigma of parents of adolescent patients with depression.Results: the median age of adolescent group was 16 years old,the median course of disease was 22 months,the mean age of parents group was 44.58 years old,and the average D-Lit score of parents group was 9.56 ±0.408.There was no significant difference in depression literacy among parents of adolescent patients with depression in terms of gender,ethnic group,marital status,education level,monthly income and household registration type.The most accurate item in the D-Lit scale is: " People might move more slowly or become agitated as a result of their depression"(82%);the item with the highest error rate is: " Counselling is as effective as cognitive behavioural therapy for depression."(68%).The average score of PDD scale of parents of adolescent patients with depression was 33.26 ±1.066,and there was no significant difference in gender,ethnic group,marital status,education level and type of household registration(P > 0.05).There was a positive correlation between parents’ cognition of depression and the course of disease(rank correlation coefficient was0.288,P < 0.05).The score of stigma of parents with middle self-esteem was 36.22±8.307,which was higher than that of parents with high self-esteem(31.59 ±6.628),and the difference was statistically significant(t = 2.162,P<0.05).There was a negative correlation between knowledge and shame in family environment,and a positive correlation between control and shame.There was a significant difference in depression cognition among parents with different rearing styles(F=4.776,P<0.05).There was no significant difference in depression cognition between parents with emotional warmth and overprotection,but there was significant difference between parents with emotional warmth and overprotection.There was no significant difference in the sense of shame among parents with different rearing styles(F=0.462,P=0.633),but there was a positive correlation between SDS and emotional warmth(the correlation coefficient was-0.382,P < 0.05).Conclusions:1.Parents of adolescents with depression have a lower degree of depression literacy and a higher level of stigma,and depression literacy is negatively correlated with stigma.Parents’ awareness of depression should be improved so as to reduce their stigma and facilitate the diagnosis and treatment of adolescent patients.2.The course of adolescent depression and the achievement orientation of family environment are influencing factors of depressive literacy of parents.The parenting style of parents with high depression literacy is more dominated by emotional warmth and overprotection.3.The level of self-esteem,the intellectual-cultural orientation and control of family environment,and depression literacy are the influencing factors of stigma of parents of adolescents with depression.