Current Status And Influencing Factors Of Cardiac Rehabilitation Knowledge Among Coronary Heart Disease Patients After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention

Objective: This study investigated the knowledge of cardiac rehabilitation in coronary heart disease(CHD)patients who have undergone percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI)from discharge to six months,describes the current status of CHD patients’ knowledge of cardiac rehabilitation at different time points after PCI,explores dynamic influencing factors and changes,so as to provide a reference for the practicing of effective intervention.Methods: In this study,patients with CHD who underwent PCI in the Cardiovascular Department of a hospital in Shenyang,Liaoning Province from October 2021 to June2022 were selected by continuous sampling.They were asked to finish a series of questionnaires,and were followed up at 1,3,6 months after discharge.The research instruments included the general information questionnaire,Coronary Artery Disease Education Questionnaire-Short Version(CADE-Q SV),Perceived Social Support Scale(PSSS)and Cardiac Self-Efficacy Scale(CSES).SPSS 26.0 was used for data analysis.The two-sided test level was set as α= 0.05,and the difference was statistically significant when P<0.05.The age,CADE-Q SV and each dimension score,PSSS and each dimension score,CSES and each dimension score were described using the mean±standard deviation.Other characteristics of patients,each item accuracy of CADE-Q SV,the level of social support and self-efficacy were described using the frequency and constituent ratio.The differences in the knowledge of cardiac rehabilitation among patients with different characteristics were explored using independent sample t test and one-way analysis of variance.The correlation between social support,self-efficacy and cardiac rehabilitation knowledge were analyzed using Pearson correlation analysis.The influencing factors of cardiac rehabilitation knowledge in CHD patients who have undergone PCI were analyzed using multiple linear regression analysis.The dynamic changes of patients’ cardiac rehabilitation knowledge at different time points after PCI were analyzed using repeated measures analysis of variance.Results: 1.A total of 243 patients with CHD after PCI were enrolled at the time point of discharge,230 patients had completed the follow-up at 1 month after PCI,225 patients had completed the follow-up at 3 month after PCI,and 223 patients had completed the follow-up at 6 month after PCI.The completion rate of the follow-up was91.77%.2.The CADE-Q SV scores of patients with CHD at four time points after PCI were:(13.02±2.80),(13.96±2.57),(14.08±2.56),(13.97±2.89),showing an overall upward trend(P<0.01),the scores were at a medium level.At discharge,the scores in all aspects of cardiac rehabilitation knowledge of patients from high to low were: risk factors,exercise,diet nutrition,psychological risk,disease drugs.At 1 month and 3month after PCI,the scores in all aspects of cardiac rehabilitation knowledge from high to low were: risk factors,dietary nutrition,exercise,psychological risk,disease drugs.At 6 month after PCI,the scores in all aspects of cardiac rehabilitation knowledge from high to low were: risk factors,dietary nutrition,psychological risk,exercise,disease drugs.3.In this study,the PSSS scores of CHD patients who have undergone PCI was(64±9.52)at discharge,which was at a high support level and had no correlation with the cardiac rehabilitation knowledge.The CSES scores of CHD patients at the four time points after PCI were as follows:(39.37±9.75),(40.45±8.59),(41.77±8.28),(42.00±10.50),and the scores were at a medium level.The self-efficacy was positively correlated with the cardiac rehabilitation knowledge.4.Through multiple linear regression analysis,at discharge and 1,3,6 months after PCI,the education level and self-efficacy level of patients entered the regression equation,and the explanation degree of the knowledge of cardiac rehabilitation after PCI was 20.4%,17.9%,26.0%and 23.6% respectively.Conclusion: 1.The knowledge of cardiac rehabilitation in patients with CHD after PCI showed a medium level basically,which still need to be improved.2.Within 6 months after PCI,the education level and self-efficacy of patients positively affect the level of cardiac rehabilitation knowledge.3.The level of cardiac rehabilitation knowledge in patients with CHD was significantly improved within one month after PCI,but the patients’ cardiac rehabilitation knowledge was basically at the same level after one month of PCI.Nursing staff should strengthen and improve the continuous cardiac rehabilitation education one month after PCI,in order to ensure the long-term effectiveness of CR and knowledge acquisition.