| Objective: This study conducted a survey among elderly patients with diabetes,to understand the status quo of self-perceived aging and cognitive decline in elderly patients with diabetes,to explore the relationship between self-perceived aging and cognitive decline in elderly patients with diabetes,and to analyze the factors affecting cognitive decline in elderly patients with diabetes.Methods: A total of 246 elderly diabetic patients admitted to endocrinology departments of two tertiary grade A hospitals in Shenyang were selected by convenient sampling method.Questionnaires were collected from February 2021 to June 2022.The questionnaire included self-designed general situation questionnaire,brief version of self-perceived Aging Scale(B-APQ scale),frailty scale(Fried Scale),self-measuring scale of subjective cognitive frailty decline(SCD-9 scale),simple mental State Scale(MMSE scale).SPSS25.0 software was used for data analysis.Analysis methods:Descriptive analysis,Chi-square test,t test,Spearman bivariate correlation and multiple Logistic regression analysis were used,and p < 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant.Results: 1.In this study,a total of 260 questionnaires were sent out,260 were collected,and 246 were valid after the unqualified questionnaires were removed,with an effective response rate of 94.6%.2.In this study,there were 71 elderly diabetic patients with cognitive decline,accounting for 28.9% of the total number.3.In this study,the self-perceived aging of elderly diabetic patients was a medium to high level.The total score of self-perceived aging was(52.26±1.21)points,,and the average score of items in five dimensions were,Positive control dimension(3.39±0.89),positive outcome dimension(3.22±0.86),acute and chronic timing dimension(3.64±0.85),affective representation dimension(2.92±1.07),negative outcome/control dimension(3.68±0.87).The entries of negative outcome and control had the highest average score,while the entries of emotional representation had the lowest average score.3.Univariate analysis showed that age,marital status,educational level,monthly personal income,frequency of exercise,duration of disease,number of complications,number of chronic diseases,hearing impairment and visual impairment had statistical significance in the occurrence of cognitive decline in elderly diabetic patients(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in residence,medical payment,smoking status and drinking status between elderly diabetic patients with cognitive frailty and those without cognitive frailty(P > 0.05).4.Cognitive decline in elderly diabetic patients is related to self-perceived aging.Cognitive decline and positive control dimension(r=-0.733,P<0.01),positive outcome dimension(r=-0.747,P<0.01),acute and chronic timing dimension(r=0.454,P<0.01),affective representation dimension(r=0.552,P<0.01),negative outcome and control dimension(r=0.771,P <0.01)were positively correlated.5.Logistic regression analysis showed that low educational level(OR=2.063,P<0.001),no exercise(OR=3.146,P<0.001),negative outcome and control dimension(OR=1.053,P<0.001)were independent factors affecting cognitive decline in elderly patients with diabetes.Conclusions: 1.Self-perceived aging of elderly diabetic patients is at a medium and high level.2.Cognitive frailty in elderly diabetic patients is at a higher level 3.Self-perceived aging is correlated with cognitive frailty in elderly diabetic patients.4.Elderly patients with diabetes mellitus are affected by age,marital status,education level,monthly personal income,frequency of exercise,duration of disease,number of complications,number of chronic diseases,hearing impairment and visual impairment.5.The main influencing factors of cognitive frailty in elderly patients with diabetes are frequency of exercise,educational level and self-perceived aging status.Clinical nursing should pay more attention to cognitive frailty in elderly patients with diabetes,and take effective measures to help slow down the occurrence of cognitive frailty. |
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