Clinical Observation On The Effect Of Super Pulse Carbon Dioxide Lattice Laser Combined With Drugs In The Treatment Of Alopecia Areata

Objective:To investigate the advantages of super pulse carbon dioxide lattice laser combined with 2%minoxidil and transfer factor capsules in treating AA in stable stage by severity of alopecia tool,characteristic changes under dermoscopy,total effective rate,and patient satisfaction.Methods:According to the method of random number table,63 patients with alopecia areata were randomly divided into experimental group（33 cases）and control group（30 cases）.The experimental group was treated with ultra pulsed CO₂dot matrix laser once every 4 weeks for 3 times,combined with 2%minoxidil for external use（1ml/time,twice a day）and transfer factor capsule for oral use（6mg/time,three times a day）for 12 weeks,and the control group was treated with2%minoxidil combined with transfer factor capsule for 12 weeks.The SALT score,the number of vellus hair,the number of terminal hair,the change of yellow dot sign,the total effective rate of treatment,sleep quality score and anxiety score,patient satisfaction and adverse reactions of the experimental group and the control group were analyzed.Result:1.There was no significant difference in salt score between the two groups at the4th and 8th week（t=-0.032,P>0.05）,（t=-0.786,P>0.05）;At the 12th week,salt score of the experimental group（2.00±0.67）was lower than that of the control group（5.23±1.72）,and the difference was statistically significant（t=-2.351,P=0.046）.2.In the fourth week,the number of newborn bristles in the experimental group increased compared with the control group,and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant（u=-4.121,P<0.001）;At the 8th week,compared with the control group,the number of newborn fur in the experimental group increased,and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant（U=3.533,P<0.001）;At the 12th week,the number of newborn hairs in the experimental group was decreased compared with that in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant（U=2.701,P=0.007）.At the 4th week,there was no significant difference in the number of final hairs between the experimental group and the control group（t=1.879,P>0.05）;At the 8th and 12th week,the number of final hairs in the experimental group increased compared with the control group,and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant（U=-3.625,P<0.001）,（U=-3.757,P<0.001）.At the 4th,8th and12th week,the number of yellow dots in the experimental group was lower than that in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant（t=-2.570,P=0.014）,（t=-2.059,P=0.044）,（t=-2.686,P=0.009）.3.Pittsburgh sleep quality index（PSQI）at week 12,PSQI scores between the experimental group and the control group and within the two groups were significantly lower than those at week 0（t=-2.113,P<0.05）.4.At the 12th week,there was a statistically significant difference in the score of self rating Anxiety Scale（SAS）between the two groups（t=-2.109,P=0.039）.At week 12,the SAS score of the experimental group was significantly lower than that of week 0,and the difference was statistically significant（t=3.542,P=0.001）.At week 12,the SAS score of the control group was lower than that of week 0,but the difference was not statistically significant（t=0.790,P=0.443）.5.At the 12th week,the total effective rate was 90.01%and 63.66%in the experimental group and the control group,and the satisfaction was 66.67%and46.67%respectively.The total effective rate and satisfaction of the experimental group were improved compared with the control group,and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant（P<0.05）.One patient in the experimental group had itching in the treatment area after CO₂ dot matrix laser treatment.Conclusions:（1）Treatment of stable phase AA with super pulse carbon dioxide lattice laser combined with drugs can significantly improve the clinical efficacy;（2）Dynamic changes in the dermoscopic clinical features of patients with alopecia areata can reflect treatment efficacy early;（3）Treatment of AA with CO₂ laser and drugs could improve the quality of patients’sleep,relieve anxiety,and increase patients’satisfaction.