Correlation Research Between BMI Before Pregnancy,weight Gain During Pregnancy And Dietary Intake And Pregnancy Outcome Of Pregnant Women In Xinjiang Shawan

Objectives:This study investigated the dietary habits,dietary intake,pre-pregnancy BMI and pregnancy weight gain of pregnant women in Shawan City to explore the correlation between their dietary patterns and prepregnancy BMI with pregnancy weight gain and pregnancy outcome.It provides scientific suggestions for a balanced diet for pregnant women and provides reference for improving the health care strategy for pregnant women in Shawan City.Methods:Pregnant women who had regular maternity checkups at Shawan People’s Hospital and Shawan Maternal and Child Health Hospital from 2021 to 2022 and who voluntarily participated and were followed up were selected as the study subjects.The basic information of height,weight,pre-pregnancy BMI and Gestational Weight Gain(GWG)were collected through antenatal clinic and maternal health handbook;the three-day 24-hour dietary review method combined with one-month food frequency questionnaire(FFQ)was used to collect pregnant women’s The dietary information of pregnant women was collected by the 3-day 24-hour dietary review method combined with the one-month food frequency questionnaire(FFQ),and the frequency and consumption of various foods were investigated and compared with the intake of various foods before pregnancy;The relationship between dietary pattern and pre-pregnancy BMI was extracted by principal component analysis and explored by covariance;the relationship between dietary intake during pregnancy and Gestational Weight Gain(GWG)was analyzed by linear regression;the relationship between pre-pregnancy BMI and GWG and various indicators of pregnancy outcome was analyzed by logistic regression;the confounding factors were controlled The interaction between dietary intake,pre-pregnancy BMI and the rate of weight gain was also investigated using multivariate logistic regression models.Results:1.The subjects were 495 pregnant women with normal pre-pregnancy BMI(56.2%)and 221 pregnant women with inappropriate pre-pregnancy BMI(43.8%).Among them,84(17.0%)were low weight pregnant women before pregnancy;102(20.6%)were overweight pregnant women before pregnancy;31(6.3%)were obese pregnant women before pregnancy.2.The survey obtained three main dietary patterns: "vegetable-bean-meat-fish" pattern,"egg-dairy" pattern and "cereal-potato-fruit" pattern,and their main component contribution rates were The contribution rates of the main components were 21.609%,15.147%,14.116%,and the cumulative contribution rate was50.871%.It was found that pre-pregnancy BMI was an influential factor in dietary pattern,and pregnant women with low pre-pregnancy weight were less likely to choose the "fruit" pattern than those in the prepregnancy obese group(P=0.015).It was also found that dietary pattern was an influential factor in the degree of weight gain during pregnancy(P<0.05).3.In this study,the frequency of increased intake of fruits(67.9%),milk and products(73.1%)and eggs(59.4%)during pregnancy was higher,while the percentage of decreased intake of aquatic products(53.5%),soybeans and nuts(62.6%)during pregnancy was higher than 50%,and the highest percentage of unchanged intake of animal and poultry meat(38.2%)during pregnancy.4.The weight and height of newborns increased with the rate of weight gain during pregnancy(P<0.05);the weight of newborns increased with the increase in BMI(P<0.05).Among 269 primigravida,inadequate rate of gestational weight gain was a protective factor for cesarean delivery(OR: 0.371,95% CI: 0.177,0.755)and rapid rate of gestational weight gain was a risk factor for cesarean delivery(OR=5.56;95% CI,2.683,11.525)compared with the group with appropriate rate of gestational weight gain,and after controlling for confounding factors,slow rate of gestational weight gain remained a protective factor for cesarean delivery(OR:0.356,95%CI: 0.168,0.756),and a rapid rate of weight gain during pregnancy remained a risk factor for cesarean delivery(OR:10.267,95%CI: 4.198,25.109).5.The higher intake of fruit in pregnant women who were obese before pregnancy reduced the risk of a faster rate of weight gain during pregnancy to some extent(OR:0.994,95% CI:0.989,1.000),and this relationship remained after controlling for confounding factors of age,work status,and education(OR:0.994,95% CI:0.988,1).Conclusion:1.Three main dietary patterns were obtained,namely "vegetable-bean-meat-fish","egg-dairy" and "cereal-potato-fruit" patterns.2.Dietary pattern during pregnancy also has a different degree of influence on weight gain during pregnancy.3..Both abnormal pre-pregnancy BMI and abnormal weight gain during pregnancy increase the incidence of cesarean delivery and have different effects on neonatal height and weight.There are different relationships between dietary intake and GWG in different pre-pregnancy BMI groups.Therefore,controlling pre-pregnancy BMI is important for maternal and infant health.