Analysis Of The Efficiency Of Medical And Health Resources Allocation In Anhui Province Based On The Three-Stage Super-Efficient DEA-Malmquist Model

Improving the level of medical services is not only an issue of the times that closely follows the people’s livelihood,but also a topic to deepen the reform of medical and health system,and a key guarantee to promote the action plan of "Health Anhui 2030" in depth.At this stage,with the aging of the population and the full opening of the "three children" policy,the demand for medical and health services from the people has increased sharply and become more and more diversified,especially under the influence of the new epidemic in the past three years,the long-standing unbalanced and unreasonable allocation of resources in the field of medical and health care has once again attracted widespread attention and discussion.The long-standing problem of unbalanced and unreasonable resource allocation in health care has once again attracted widespread attention and discussion.Therefore,how to optimize the allocation of medical and health resources to meet the increasing health needs of the people in the field of health care and to fully realize the goal of basic health care services for all has become a major issue.This study is based on the panel data of medical and health resources in 16 prefectures in Anhui Province from 2012 to 2021,and uses the three-stage super-efficiency DEA model and Malmquist index to measure the allocation efficiency of medical and health resources,which is divided into six parts.The first part,which describes the main idea and content of the paper,including the background and significance of the study,the research content and methodology,the innovation points and shortcomings of the study,and the technology line.The second part,which explains the basic theories on which the study is based,describes the domestic and foreign research literature from three levels: evaluation objects,influencing factors and evaluation methods of medical and health resources allocation efficiency,and summarizes the shortcomings of the current study.In the third part,the advantages and disadvantages of different evaluation methods and their application are explained,and the basic principles of the basic DEA model,the three-stage super-efficient DEA model and the Malmquist model are introduced,and the process of their use is clarified.In the fourth part,based on the principles of indicator selection,reasonable input indicators,output indicators and environmental variable indicators are selected to build the indicator evaluation system,and the data sources of the indicators and the way of processing the data are introduced.The three-stage super-efficiency DEA model is applied to measure the efficiency value of medical and health resources allocation in Anhui Province,and static analysis is conducted,and the pre-and post-adjustment efficiency values are compared to analyze the changes after the adjustment.The Malmquist index is applied to measure each efficiency change index of resources allocation in Anhui Province and the three regions,and dynamic analysis is conducted,and the data results before and after the adjustment are compared to analyze the specific causes of the changes.In the fifth part,the conclusions of the study are described and policy recommendations for optimizing the allocation of medical and health resources are proposed.In the sixth part,the full paper is highly summarized and the next research direction is proposed.Through a comprehensive analysis of the efficiency of medical and health resources allocation in Anhui Province,this study obtains the following conclusions:(1)From a static perspective,the overall medical and health resources allocation efficiency in Anhui Province is higher before and after the adjustment.Decomposition shows that after excluding the effects of environmental factors and random noise,pure technical efficiency appears to decline and scale efficiency appears to increase.(2)The SFA regression finds that economic development,social structure and institutional policy factors affect the efficiency of medical and health resources allocation in Anhui Province,with the negative effect of fiscal decentralization and the positive effect of GDP per capita,population density and urbanization rate.(3)From the dynamic perspective,the overall total factor productivity of medical and health resources allocation in Anhui Province before and after the adjustment shows a decreasing trend,and technical progress is the main reason to restrict total factor productivity growth.(4)From three regional perspectives,at the time level,the total factor productivity index is less than 1 before and after adjustment,which is mainly influenced by the factor of technical progress before adjustment and jointly influenced by technical efficiency and technical progress after adjustment;at the regional level,there are obvious differences in the efficiency of each region,but the comprehensive efficiency ranking does not change before and after adjustment as: Central Anhui > Northern Anhui > Southern Anhui.Based on the above findings and the reality of the health care system,in order to better assist the application of the model to the actual situation and improve the allocation efficiency of medical and health resources in Anhui Province,this study further proposes the following policy recommendations: first,improve the health care environment to enhance the efficiency of resource allocation;second,strengthen the supervision of resource use to improve the level of health care management;third,adjust the investment of medical and health resources to optimize the structure of resource allocation;fourth,cultivate the ability of medical innovation and promote the progress of medical technology.