Measurement Of Allocative Efficiency Of Medical And Health Resources And Analysis Of Regional Differences

Under the background of carrying out the new development idea and devoting to the strategic goal of‘Healthy China’ in our country,the medical and health undertaking,as an important part of public service,has also entered the stage of high-quality development,rational and efficient allocation of medical and health resources is the only way to improve the high-quality development of medical and health services.In addition,the process of population ageing accelerated,People’s health needs more diverse,but also to optimize the allocation of resources put forward higher requirements.Therefore,to measure the resource allocation efficiency of China’s medical and health institutions,to explore the role of development environment on resource allocation efficiency,it is of great significance to understand the status quo of the allocation of medical and health resources in China,to understand the impact of economic and social development on the development of medical and health undertakings,and to analyze the regional differences in the changes of total factor productivity of medical and health industries in China,it plays an important role in understanding the ability of China’s medical and health resource allocation.The research process of this paper is as follows: first,we take 30 provincial medical and health institutions in Chinese mainland except Tibet as the research object,according to the characteristics of the medical and health industry,the investment indexes of health technicians,beds and total expenditure of medical and health institutions are determined in terms of manpower,material resources and financial resources,select three output indicators: the number of outpatient and emergency visits,the number of discharged patients and the total income of the health institution from the business service and economic income of the health institution,an input-output index system was established for the period from 2010 to2020.Secondly,five environmental variables were selected from three aspects of economic environment,social environment and policy support,and three-stage EBM-SEM model was used to estimate the resource allocation efficiency of China’s health institutions in the past 11 years,in the third stage,the technical efficiency,pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency are studied from the perspectives of province and region.Finally,we use the fixed-reference Malmquist index to measure the total factor productivity of our country’s health services from 2010 to 2020,based on Dagum Gini coefficient,this paper analyzes the gap and evolution trend of resource allocation of three regions: East,Middle and West.The results show that:(1)compared with the traditional DEA method,the overall efficiency and scale efficiency of three-stage DEA are lower,but the pure technical efficiency is higher,it shows that environmental factors and random disturbances have some influence on the resource allocation efficiency of medical and health institutions.(2)the results of SFA showed that government expenditure and dependency ratio would affect the resource allocation efficiency of health institutions,and the increase of GDP per capita and population density could promote the resource allocation efficiency of health institutions,the higher the urbanization rate,the lower the efficiency of health resource allocation.(3)after excluding the environmental factors and random errors,the efficiency of health resource allocation in the east is better than that in the middle,but the pure technical efficiency in the east is better than that in the west,most of them are in the stage of increasing returns to scale.(4)the total factor Productivity Index of medical and health services in our country has increased from 2010 to 2020,and the source of the increase is technological progress,and the average growth rate of the east is still better than that of the middle than that of the west,and overall efficiency.(5)intra-regional differences,inter-regional differences and inter-regional overlap(nuclear variable density)contribute to the Gini coefficient of productivity in the health sector,with only a widening gap in resource allocation efficiency in the central region,the difference of resource allocation level between the eastern and western regions is narrowing,and the difference of resource allocation efficiency between the eastern-central and eastern-western regions is narrowing,but the regional gap in resource allocation levels between the central and western regions is widening.According to the results of the study,this paper puts forward corresponding policy recommendations: optimize the allocation of resources to reduce regional disparities is the key to achieve high-quality development of health care;Deepening the reform of primary health care and reducing the gap between urban and rural areas is an important way to achieve common prosperity,it is an important guarantee for the sustainable development of medical and health undertakings to promote technological innovation and increase the total factor productivity.