| Part Ⅰ: Analysis of cardiovascular risk factors in type 2 diabetes patientsObjective : To understand the real situation of Cardiovascular Diseases(CVD)risk factors in patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus(T2DM),and to provide theoretical basis for formulating effective strategies to reduce the CVD risk of patients.Material and Methods : This study was a cross-sectional descriptive study.From June2022 to August 2022,464 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus from multi-centers(including Datong Xinrong District Hospital,Houma People’s Hospital,Changzhi Heping Hospital,Hohhot First Hospital)and interdisciplinary(including endocrinology,cardiovascular medicine,neurology,geriatrics,hepatobiliary surgery,etc.)were nrolled.Questionnaire survey,physical examination and clinical blood biochemical indexes were conducted.To understand the control level of Blood Glucose,Blood Pressure,Blood Lipid(3Bs)and overweight/obesity in T2 DM patients.All data were analyzed by SPSS21.0 statistical software.Results:1.Prevalence of CVD risk factors in T2 DM patients:⑴The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus alone was 6%,and the prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus combined with cardiovascular risk factors was 94%.The prevalence of hypertension was 33.6%,the prevalence of dyslipidemia was 78.4%,the prevalence of hypertension and dyslipidemia was 26.1%,and the prevalence of overweight/obesity was 67%.⑵Specific situations of dyslipidemia in the study subjects: The prevalence of combined elevated total cholesterol(TC)was 34.5%,the prevalence of combined elevated triglyceride(TG)was 58.6%,the prevalence of combined decreased high density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C)was 41.8%,and the prevalence of combined elevated low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)was 23.3%.⑶The prevalence rates of overweight/obesity in T2 DM patients with hypertension,T2 DM patients with dyslipidemia,and T2 DM patients with both hypertension and dyslipidemia were 73.1%,69.8%,and 77.7%,respectively.⑷According to gender,there were no significant differences in the prevalence of Hb A1c≥7%,hypertension,hypertension and dyslipidemia,and overweight/obesity between men and women(P>0.05),but there was a significant difference in the prevalence of dyslipidemia(P<0.05).⑸There was no significant difference in the prevalence of Hb A1c≥7% and overweight/obesity among different age groups(P>0.05),but there were significant differences in the prevalence of hypertension,dyslipidemia,and both hypertension and dyslipidemia among different age groups(P<0.05).⑹There were no significant differences in the prevalence of Hb A1c≥7%,hypertension,dyslipidemia,hypertension and dyslipidemia,and obesity among patients with different disease duration(all P>0.05).2.Control rate of blood glucose,blood pressure and blood lipid(3Bs)in T2 DM patients:⑴ 26.3% of the subjects achieved Hb A1c<7%.The rate of Hb A1c<6.5% was16.4%.⑵The control rate of blood pressure(BP < 130/80 MMHG)was 33.4%.⑶ The rate of blood lipid control(TC < 4.5mmol/L and TG < 1.7mmol/L and HDL-C≥1.04mmol/L and LDL < 2.6mmol/L)was 21.6%.⑷ The control rate of blood glucose combined with blood pressure was 8.8%,the control rate of blood glucose combined with blood lipids(TC < 4.5mmol/L)was 8.0%,and the control rate of blood glucose,blood pressure,and blood lipids simultaneously was 3.7%.Conclusions:1.The prevalence of CVD risk factors(hypertension,dyslipidemia,overweight/obesity)in T2 DM patients is high,and the control rate is low.It is necessary to comprehensively evaluate the condition as soon as possible,formulate reasonable treatment plans,and select reasonable drugs to achieve comprehensive control.2.In this study,male patients with T2 DM are more likely to have dyslipidemia,so attention should be paid to male patients with dyslipidemia and early intervention treatment should be given.3.With the increase of age,the prevalence of hypertension,dyslipidemia,hypertension and dyslipidemia increased.For patients over 60 years old,special attention should be paid to regular physical examination,early detection of changes in the condition,and timely treatment.Although age is an uncontrollable factor,active control of blood glucose,blood pressure and blood lipids can still reduce the incidence of cardiovascular disease in T2 DM.4.The effect of diabetes duration on the prevalence of CVD risk factors in T2 DM patients was not confirmed in this study.Part Ⅱ: An intervention study of intelligent remote blood glucose management in type 2 diabetes patientsObjective : To explore the effectiveness of intelligent remote management(online medical treatment)for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).Material and Methods : This was a self-control study.From June 2022 to August2022,T2 DM patients in our center(the First Hospital of Hohhot,Inner Mongolia)were selected(167 patients after signing the informed consent),of whom 165 completed the questionnaire survey,physical examination and clinical blood biochemical test at the same time.After 6 months of intervention,by February 2023,40 subjects were lost to follow-up due to COVID-19,and 125 subjects completed the re-survey,physical examination and clinical blood biochemical test(re-examination).All data were analyzed by SPSS21.0 statistical software.Results:There were significant differences in FPG,Hb Alc,TC,TG,HDL-C and BMI before and after the remote management of 125 subjects using the Washing Whale health applet for 6 months(P<0.05),but there were no significant differences in SBP,DBP and LDL-C(P>0.05).Conclusions:1.FPG,Hb Alc,TC,TG,HDL-C and BMI of all subjects were improved after remote management,and the differences were statistically significant.2.Huanjing Health wechat mini program can be an effective tool for intelligent remote management of blood glucose in T2 DM patients.3.Intelligent remote management can improve patients’ self-management ability and treatment compliance rate,and remote management is simple and feasible,which may become the trend of diabetes management in the future. |
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